异体颅骨外板和自体骨修复猪颅骨缺损的研究

Repair of Porcine Skull Defect with Allogenic Skull Outer Plate and Autogenous Bone

目的:观察异体颅骨外板修复颅骨缺损的可行性。方法:取24只小香猪,其中8只小香猪不予手术,安乐死后截取颅骨浸泡福尔马林固定,设定为正常组。另16只猪的颅骨上分别电钻2个直径为2cm的颅骨全层缺损(设为实验组和对照组)。对照组置入自体骨修复,实验组置入异体颅骨外板修复。8周后、12周后获取颅骨标本进行形态学观察、硬度检测、病理观察。结果:(1)植入8周对照组、实验组较正常组硬度检测低(P<0.05),两组修复区骨硬度均未达到正常骨质硬度。(2)植入8周对照组可见骨小梁形成良好,部分骨小梁衔接。实验组骨小梁形成良好,明显看见新生的组织骨。(3)置入12周后对照组、实验组较正常组硬度测定比较无统计学差异(P>0.05)。(4)植入12周对照组可见骨小梁厚度良好,骨细胞排列有序。实验组可见致密骨小梁形成,股间隙有骨细胞穿行。结论:颅骨外板植入异体,骨诱导、骨再生性强、力学性能强、结构稳定。

Objective:To observe the feasibility of repairing skull defect with external skull allograft.Methods:A total of 24 baby pigs were selected,8 of which were not operated on.After euthanasia,their skulls were extracted and fixed by soaking formalin and were set as normal group.In the other 16 pigs,two full-layer skull defects with a diameter of 2 cm were respectively drilled on the skulls.The control group was implanted with autologous bone repair,and the experimental group was implanted with allogeneic skull plate repair.After 8 weeks and 12 weeks,the skull specimens were obtained for morphological observation,hardness detection and pathological observation.Results:(1)The hardness of the control group and the experimental group was lower than that of the normal group after 8 weeks implantation(P<0.05).(2)After 8 weeks of implantation,bone trabecular formation was good in the control group,and part of the bone trabecular articulation was observed.In the experimental group,the trabeculae were well formed and the new tissue bone was obviously seen.(3)After 12 weeks of implantation,there was no difference in the hardness measurement between the control group and the experimental group compared with the normal group(P>0.05).(4)After 12 weeks of implantation,in the control group the bone trabecular thickness was good and the bone cells were arranged in order.In the experimental group,the formation of compact bone trabeculae and the passage of bone cells in the femoral space were observed.Conclusion:The allograft of external skull plate is bone induction,strong bone regeneration,strong mechanical properties and stable structure.