放化疗结合与单纯放疗治疗老年食管癌的有效性与安全性比较

Comparison of Effectiveness and Safety Between Radiotherapy Combined with Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy Alone in the Treatment of Elderly Patients with Esophageal Cancer

目的比较放化疗结合与单纯放疗治疗老年食管癌的有效性与安全性。方法选取医院2021年1月至2022年9月收治的老年食管癌患者70例,按随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,各35例。对照组患者予单纯放疗治疗,观察组患者予放化疗结合治疗。结果观察组的总有效率为77.14%,显著高于对照组的51.43%(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组患者的肿瘤标志物血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)水平均显著升高,血小板反应蛋白1(TSP1)、鳞状细胞癌抗原(SCCA)、细胞角蛋白19片段(CYFRA21-1)、癌胚抗原(CEA)水平均显著降低,且观察组均显著优于对照组(P<0.05);炎性因子肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素4(IL-4)的水平均显著降低,且观察组均显著低于对照组(P<0.05);欧洲癌症研究治疗组织(EORTC)QLQ-C30量表各项评分均显著升高(P<0.05),但组间无显著差异(P>0.05)。观察组和对照组患者治疗期间的不良反应发生率相当(42.86%比31.43%,P>0.05)。结论放化疗结合治疗老年食管癌的临床疗效良好,可有效改善患者的肿瘤标志物及炎性因子水平,提升生活质量,且安全性较高。

Objective To compare the effectiveness and safety of radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy and radiotherapy alone in the treatment of elderly patients with esophageal cancer.Methods A total of 70 elderly patients with esophageal cancer admitted to the hospital from January 2021 to September 2022 were selected and randomly divided into the observation group and the control group,with 35 cases in each group.The patients in the control group were treated with radiotherapy alone,while the patients in the observation group were treated with radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy.Results The total effective rate in the observation group was 77.14%,which was significantly higher than 51.43%in the control group(P<0.05).After treatment,the levels of tumor markers vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)in the two groups significantly increased,while the levels of platelet reactive protein 1(TSP1),squamous cell carcinoma antigen(SCCA),cytokeratin 19 fragment(CYFRA21-1),and carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA)significantly reduced in the observation group compared to the control group(P<0.05);the levels of inflammatory factors such as tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-4(IL-4)in the two groups significantly reduced,and those in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05);the scores of the items of European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer(EORTC)QLQ-C30 scale in the two groups significantly increased(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference between the two groups(P>0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions during treatment was comparable between the observation group and the control group(42.86%vs.31.43%,P>0.05).Conclusion Radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy has a good clinical efficacy in the treatment of elderly esophageal cancer,which can effectively improve the levels of tumor markers and inflammatory factors in patients,improve their quality of life,and have high safety.