30例职业性1,2-二氯乙烷中毒性脑病临床分析与护理干预效果

Clinical Analysis and Nursing Interyuention Effect of 30 Cases of Occupational 1,2-dichloroethane Toxic Encephalopathy

目的探讨职业性1,2-二氯乙烷中毒患者中毒性脑病的临床特征和护理对策。方法回顾性分析2006年1月至2020年12月30例职业性1,2-二氯乙烷中毒患者的临床资料,并总结其护理干预措施。结果30例患者予综合治疗后,8例轻度中毒患者临床症状和体征消失,全部治愈;22例重度中毒患者16例治愈,5例好转,遗留不同程度的后遗症。在住院过程中严密观察患者病情,予以高压氧安全护理,合理使用脱水药物和激素,加强心理护理和康复锻炼等综合护理干预措施,27例患者均未出现感染情况,未出现高压氧安全事故,仅3例患者较长时间使用甘露醇出现血管变硬,伴局部红肿,经对症处理后症状消失。结论实施以防治脑水肿为主的综合护理干预措施能有效促进患者康复,减少后遗症。

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics and nursing countermeasures of toxic encephalopathy in patients with occupational 1,2-dichloroethane poisoning.Methods The clinical data of 30 patients with occupational 1,2-dichloroethane poisoning from January 2006 to December 2020 were retrospectively investigated,and the nursing intervention measures were summarized.Results After comprehensive treatment of 30 patients,the clinical symptoms and signs of 8 patients with mild poisoning disappeared and all were cured.Among the 22 patients with severe poisoning,16 cases were cured,5 cases were improved,and different degrees of sequelae were left.In the course of hospitalization,the patient's condition was closely observed,hyperbaric oxygen safety nursing,rational use of dehydration drugs and hormones,strengthening psychological nursing and rehabilitation exercise and other comprehensive nursing interventions,no infection occurred,no hyperbaric oxygen safety accident occurred,only 3 patients used mannitol for a long time to appear vascular hardening,with local redness and swelling,and the symptoms disappeared after symptomatic treatment.Conclusions The implementation of comprehensive nursing intervention measures based on the prevention and treatment of cerebral edema can effectively promote the rehabilitation of patients and reduce sequelae.