护理门诊式健康教育在妊娠期糖尿病患者中的应用效果

Effect of Outpatient Health Education on Diabetes Patients during Pregnancy

目的分析对妊娠期糖尿病患者实施护理门诊式健康教育的效果和意义。方法选取我中心妇产科门诊2021年2月至2023年1月建档产检及管理的108例妊娠期糖尿病患者作为研究对象,遵循随机数字表法的分组原则,将患者分成对照组(n=54)与试验组(n=54),对照组给予常规护理模式,试验组则实施护理门诊式健康教育,对比两组患者的护理效果。结果试验组围生期并发症发生率为5.56%,显著低于对照组的18.52%(P<0.05);试验组患者护理后各维度生活质量评分均明显高于对照组(P<0.05);试验组患者护理后焦虑自评量表以及抑郁自评量表评分均低于对照组(P<0.05);试验组护理后空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖以及糖化血红蛋白水平均低于对照组(P<0.05);试验组对护理工作的满意度评分以及疾病相关知识掌握评分均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论在门诊护理过程中对妊娠期糖尿病患者实施门诊式健康教育的效果十分显著,不仅能提高患者对自身疾病的掌握程度,规范和纠正患者孕期不良生活习惯,还能减少围生期母婴并发症等不良结局的发生,稳定孕期血糖值,促进母婴结局的改善。

Objective To analyze the effect and significance of outpatient health education for pregnant women with diabetes.Methods From February 2021 to January 2023,108 patients with gestational diabetes who were filed and managed during the period in the outpatient Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in our center were selected as the research objects.The patients were divided into the control group(n=54)and the test group(n=54)according to the principle of random number table.The control group was given routine nursing mode,and the test group was given outpatient health education,to compare the nursing effects of the two groups.Results The incidence of perinatal complications in the experimental group was 5.56%,significantly lower than 18.52%of the reference group(P<0.05).The scores of various dimensions of quality of life for patients in the experimental group after nursing care were significantly higher than those in the reference group(P<0.05).The self-rating anxiety scale and self-rating depression scale scores of the experimental group patients after nursing were lower than those of the control group(P<0.05).The fasting blood glucose,2-hour postprandial blood glucose,and glycated hemoglobin in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group after nursing(P<0.05).The satisfaction score and disease related knowledge mastery score of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the reference group(P<0.05).Conclusions In the process of outpatient care,the effect of outpatient health education for pregnant women with diabetes is very significant.It can not only improve the patients'mastery of their own diseases,standardize and correct the patients'bad living habits during pregnancy,but also reduce the incidence of perinatal complications and other adverse outcomes,stabilize the pregnancy blood glucose value,and promote the improvement of maternal and infant outcomes.