“王学”视阈中伪善成因探析

An Exploration of the Causes of Hypocrisy in Perspective of Wang Yangming's Doctrine

“王学”以“止于至善”为价值追求,通过“致良知”的道德践履以成德成圣,在“格致诚正修”的“尊德性”与“道问学”中,蕴含着“伪善”的对治之法,也揭示出“伪善”的成因机理。根据“王学”“一则诚,二则伪”的观点,从知志之辨、知行之辨、觉愿之辨、义利之辨、公私之辨五个维度,可探析伪善是割裂知志、知行、觉愿、义利、公私等内在统一而致的恶,亦证其德性与德行的分离是致良知工夫不切之故。

Wang Yangming's Doctrine takes“stopping at the best”as its value pursuit.Through the moral practice of“toconscience”tobecomevirtuousandholy,inthe“respectforvirtue”and“Taoism”of“sincerityandrighteousness”,there is a method of“hypocrisy”to deal with it,and it also reveals the causal mechanism of“hypocrisy”.According to the Wang Yangming's Doctrine that“one is sincerity,the other is hypocrisy”,the five dimensions of the distinction between knowledge and will,knowledge and action,consciousness and will,righteousness and profit,and public and private,can be used to explore the fact that hypocrisy is the result of cutting off the inner unity of knowledge and will,knowledge and action,consciousness and will,righteousness and profit,and public and private,and that the separation between virtue and virtue is the result of a lack of effort to achieve conscience.