“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛的机制化进程与成就评估

The Institutionalization of the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation:Evolution and Assessment

“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛是“一带一路”框架下最高规格的国际合作机制。高峰论坛的酝酿不仅有中国政府的战略谋划,专业领域机制探索的经验积累,还有“一带一路”已有国际合作基础的有力支撑。高峰论坛具有多边机制的内在属性,不仅重视双边项目推动,更重视多边机制建设,是“一带一路”机制化建设的关键部分。当前,高峰论坛聚焦绿色发展、能源、融资、贸易等领域,推动“一带一路”机制化建设不断取得新进展,成长为全球治理“中国轨”的核心枢纽。基于高峰论坛的机制进程、规则实践和落实情况,可以从机制理念和机制实体两个方面进行评估。从机制理念看,高峰论坛是打造共商国际化平台的关键性举措,也是对倡议机制化的理念探索和成功实践;从机制实体看,领导人圆桌峰会顶层设计的引领作用日益凸显,专业领域多边平台机制功能不断增强。当前,高峰论坛机制仍存在非正式化程度较高等方面的不足,共建“一带一路”站上新的历史起点,需要提升高峰论坛机制化水平和规范化能力,健全高峰论坛支撑机制、对接机制和后续协调机制,增强共建国家的主人翁意识,提升专业领域多边合作平台的机制引领。

The Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation(BRF)is the foremost cooperation mechanism under the Belt and Road framework.The preparation of the BRF not only involves the strategic planning of the Chinese government,but also benefits from the accumulation of experiences in exploring cooperative mechanisms in various fields,and the strong support of the existing cooperation mechanisms of the Belt and Road.At present,the BRF,which focuses on areas such as green development,energy,financing and trade,has grown into the hub of the‘China track’in global governance as its institutionalization keeps growing.Based on the institutional evolution,normative practice and implementation of the BRF,it can be evaluated from two aspects:norms and overall institutional desgin,and institutional platforms and mechanisms.From the perspective of norms and overall institutional desgin,the BRF is a decisive move in creating international platforms for cooperation and coordination,and the conceptual exploration and successful practice of the Belt and Road Initiative(BRI).From the perspective of institutional platforms and mechanisms,the leading role of the topdown Leaders’Round Table is increasingly prominent,and the functions of multilateral platforms in various fields continue to increase.At present,the joint construction of the BRI has reached a new historical starting point.It needs to enhance institutionalization and norm-making,improve the support mechanisms,docking mechanisms,and followup coordination mechanisms of the BRF.It also needs to encourage stakeholderships among participating countries and increase the guiding role of the multilateral cooperative mechanisms.