经皮剑突下心包穿刺技术的应用进展

Application Progress of Percutaneous Subxiphoid Pericardiocentesis

心脏周围的心包形成了一个特有的腔隙,为心血管疾病的药物、生物等治疗措施提供了场所。然而,心包穿刺介入路径的选择对于心包内治疗的效果具有重要影响。目前,经皮剑突下的心包介入作为诸多途径之一,以其微创、并发症少的特点受到广泛关注,并在各种影像学辅助下被广泛用于心包内的治疗研究,如药物靶向输注、心外膜消融与起搏、干细胞等生物治疗均已与剑突下心包穿刺相结合。明确不同心包穿刺方式的优劣、辅助影像学手段及并发症,可促进经皮剑突下心包穿刺技术在心血管疾病治疗中的广泛应用。

The pericardium surrounding the heart forms a characteristic cavity that provides a site for pharmacologic,biological,and other therapeutic measures for cardiovascular diseases.However,the choice of route for pericardiocentesis intervention has a significant impact on the outcome of intrapericardial therapy.At present,percutaneous subxiphoid pericardiocentesis,as one of the many routes,has received widespread attention for its minimally invasive and less complication characteristics,and has been widely used in intrapericardial therapeutic studies with various imaging aides,such as drug-targeted infusion,epicardial ablation and pacing,stem cell therapy and other biological therapies,which all have been used in combination with subxiphoid pericardiocentesis for research or treatment.Clarifying the advantages and disadvantages of different pericardiocentesis methods,the auxiliary imaging methods and complications can promote the wide application of percutaneous pericardiocentesis in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.