妊娠早期糖脂代谢指标与妊娠期糖尿病相关性的研究进展

Research Progress in Correlation of Glycolipid Metabolism Indexes in Early Pregnancy with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)为妊娠期常见合并症,可增加妊娠不良结局的发生风险,虽经治疗可有效控制血糖,但大多数GDM产妇筛查时已为妊娠中期,治疗时间短,疗效不明显。因此,寻找可靠的GDM筛查指标,尽早发现、早期诊断非常必要。而妊娠早期发生糖脂代谢异常可加重胰岛素抵抗程度,增加GDM的发生风险。目前临床常用的糖脂代谢指标(包括口服糖耐量试验、空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白、C肽、稳态模型评估的胰岛素抵抗指数、脂联素、瘦素、内脂素等)可有效反映体内糖脂代谢状态,在评估妊娠早期产妇GDM的发生风险中具有一定临床应用价值。

Gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)is a common complication during pregnancy,which can increase the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes.Although the blood sugar can be effectively controlled by treatment,most GDM women are already in the second trimester of pregnancy when screening,leaving short time for the treatment,and unobvious curative effect.Therefore,it is necessary to search for reliable GDM screening indicators and realize early discovery and diagnosis.Abnormal glycolipid metabolism in early pregnancy can aggravate insulin resistance and increase the risk of GDM.At present,the commonly used indicators of glycolipid metabolism include oral glucose tolerance test,fasting blood glucose,glycated hemoglobin,C-peptide,homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance index,adiponectin,leptin and visfatin etc.,which can effectively reflect the status of glycolipid metabolism in the body,and have certain clinical application value in assessing the risk of maternal GDM in early pregnancy.