超声新技术在放射性心脏病临床评价中的应用进展

Application Progress of Emerging Ultrasound Technology in Clinical Evaluation of Radiation-Induced Heart Disease

放疗一直以来被广泛应用于治疗各种恶性肿瘤,但其引起的辐射诱导毒性尤其是放射性心脏损伤不容忽视。在出现影响生存的严重心脏功能障碍前,发现并及时治疗放射性心脏病(RIHD)极其重要。超声因其便捷、无创且价格低廉的优势被用于监测癌症治疗过程中的心脏损伤,然而常规心脏超声、组织多普勒成像、超声造影和负荷超声心动图均有其局限性。近年新兴的超声斑点追踪技术可以在癌症患者放疗后早期敏感地检出心肌功能异常,可以很好地反映心脏整体和局部功能,弥补了普通超声的不足,为临床提供了一种新的监测RIHD的手段。

Radiotherapy has been widely used to treat various malignant tumors,but its radiation induced toxicity,especially radiation induced heart damage,cannot be ignored.It is extremely important to find and treat radiation-induced heart disease(RIHD)before severe cardiac dysfunction affecting survival.Ultrasound has been used to monitor cardiac injury in cancer treatment because of it′s convenience,non-invasiveness and low cost.However,conventional ultrasound,tissue Doppler imaging,contrast-enhanced ultrasound and stress echocardiography all have their limitations.In recent years,the emerging speckle tracking imagingcan detect myocardial dysfunction early and sensitively after radiotherapy in cancer patients,which can reflect the overall and local cardiac functions,making up for the shortcomings of ordinary ultrasound and providing a new means of monitoring RIHD for the clinical practice.