五步超声检查法在产前胎儿心脏畸形诊断中的应用分析

Analysis of the application of five-step ultrasound examination in the diagnosis of prenatal fetal heart malformation

目的:分析五步超声检查法在产前胎儿心脏畸形诊断中的应用效果。方法:选取2021年1月-2023年6月于梅州市人民医院就诊的66例疑似存在胎儿心脏畸形的孕妇作为对象。所有孕妇均依次采用常规产前超声检查和五步超声检查法进行胎儿心脏畸形的诊断。以产后超声心动图复查随访结果和尸检结果为诊断金标准,比较两种超声检查方式诊断胎儿心脏畸形的准确率。结果:66例孕妇的产后超声心动图复查随访和尸检结果显示,共有59例胎儿存在心脏畸形,常规产前超声和五步超声检查法分别诊断出53例、59例胎儿心脏畸形。常规产前超声检查法诊断胎儿心脏畸形的敏感度、特异度、准确率分别为86.44%、71.43%、84.85%,五步超声检查法诊断胎儿心脏畸形的敏感度、特异度、准确率分别为98.31%、85.71%、96.97%,五步超声检查法诊断胎儿心脏畸形的敏感度、准确率高于常规产前超声检查法,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:在产前胎儿心脏畸形超声诊断中,实施五步超声检查法能更好地判断胎儿心脏的发育情况,有助于提升胎儿心脏畸形产前筛查的准确性,对优生优育有一定的助力作用。

Objective To explore the effect of five-step ultrasound examination in the diagnosis of prenatal fetal heart malformation.Methods 66 pregnant women suspected of having fetal heart malformations who were treated at the Meizhou People's Hospital from January 2021 to June 2023 were selected as the study subjects.All pregnant women were sequentially diagnosed with fetal heart abnormalities using routine prenatal ultrasound examination and five step ultrasound examination.Using the follow-up results of postpartum echocardiography and autopsy results as the diagnostic gold standard,it was compared the accuracy of two ultrasound examination methods in diagnosing fetal heart malformations.Results Postpartum echocardiographic follow-up and autopsy results of 66 pregnant women showed that a total of 59 fetuses had heart malformations.Routine prenatal ultrasound and five step ultrasound were used to diagnose 53 and 59 fetal heart malformations,respectively.The sensitivity,specificity,and accuracy of routine prenatal ultrasound in diagnosing fetal heart malformations were 86.44%,71.43%,and 84.85%,respectively.The specificity,and accuracy of five step ultrasound in diagnosing fetal heart malformations were 98.31%,85.71%,and 96.97%,respectively.The sensitivity,and accuracy of five step ultrasound in diagnosing fetal heart malformations was higher than those routine prenatal ultrasound,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions In the prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of fetal heart malformations,the implementation of the five step ultrasound examination method can better judge the development of the fetal heart,help improve the accuracy of prenatal screening for fetal heart malformations,and have a certain supportive effect on eugenics and fertility.