收获时期和方式对谷子产量和品质的影响

Effects of Harvesting Pattern and Period on Yield and Quality of Millet

针对宁夏南部山区谷子收获技术水平低等问题,以峰红谷为研究对象,在谷子蜡熟期、成熟期和完熟期,分别采用割倒谷子植株晾干后脱粒、切掉谷穗晾干后脱粒、切掉谷穗直接脱粒晾干3种方式进行收获,研究不同收获方式和收获时期对谷子产量和品质的影响,以期为提高宁南山区谷子收获水平和机械化程度提供理论依据。结果表明,割倒谷子植株晾干后脱粒收获,在蜡熟期谷子产量和籽粒蛋白质含量较高,分别为4055.25 kg/hm^(2)、12.1%;切掉谷穗晾干后脱粒和切掉谷穗直接脱粒晾干收获,在成熟期谷子产量和籽粒蛋白质含量较高,分别为4026.15 kg/hm^(2)、12.5%和3936.00 kg/hm^(2)、12.2%,籽粒粗脂肪含量2种收获方式在成熟期和完熟期均显著高于蜡熟期。

Aiming at the problems of harvest technology level was low in the southern mountainous area of Ningxia,Fenghonhgu was selected as the research objects,and three different harvesting patterns including cut down millet plants and airing before threshing(H1),cut off the ears and airing before threshing(H2),cut off the ears and directly to dry(H3)were used to harvest millets at wax stage(S1),maturation stage(S2)and full ripening stage(S3).We studied the effects of different harvesting patterns and periods on yield and quality of millet,in order to provide a theoretical basis for improving the harvesting level and the degree of mechanization of millet in the southern mountainous areas of Ningxia.The results showed that harvesting used the H1 treatment had higher yield and protein contents at wax stage,which were 4055.25 kg/hm^(2) and 12.1%,respectively.H1and H2 had higher yield and protein contents of millet at maturation stage,which were 4026.15 kg/hm^(2),12.5%and 3936.00 kg/hm^(2),12.2%,respectively.The crude fat content of grain was significantly higher at the maturation stage and ripening stage than that at the wax stage.