湖南阳明山山顶矮林群落结构及其与土壤因子的相关性

Community Structure of the Dwarf Forest and Relation with Soil Factors at Ridge of the Yangming Mountain in Hunan Province,China

[目的]了解湖南阳明山山顶矮林的群落结构及土壤环境状况。[方法]对湖南阳明山的山顶矮林进行野外调查,并对生境土壤进行测定。[结果]阳明山山顶矮林样地内共记录到37科51属68种植物,杜鹃花科杜鹃花属植物是乔木层和灌木层的优势植物,而乔木层的云锦杜鹃(Rhododendron fortunei)在数量、高度及重要值上占据绝对优势地位,呈单优种群落结构特征。乔木层、灌木层和草本层各科重要值与土壤有机质(OM)、全氮(TN)具有显著相关性(P<0.05)。[结论]湖南阳明山山顶矮林是亚热带山地常绿阔叶林在山顶特殊生境下长期发育形成的特殊群落变型,具有单优种群落的结构特征;其中,土壤因子对亚热带山顶植被的发育具有重要意义。

[Objective]To understand the community structure and soil environment status of the mountain top dwarf forest in Yangming Mountain,Hunan.[Method]A field investigation was conducted on the mountaintop dwarf forest in Yangming Mountain,Hunan Province,and the soil of the habitat was measured.[Result]The results showed that a total of 37 families,51 genera,and 68 species of plants were recorded in the low forest sample plot on the mountaintop of Yangming Mountain.Among them,Rhododendron are the dominant genera in the tree layer and shrub layer.Rhododendron fortunei occupies an absolute dominant position in the number,height and importance value,and showing single-dominant community structure.The important values of tree layer,shrub layer and herb layer were significantly correlated with OM and TN(P<0.05).[Conclusion]The mountaintop dwarf forest in Yangming Mountain,Hunan Province is a special community variant formed by the long-term development of subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest in a special mountaintop habitat,with structural characteristics of single superior species communities;Among them,soil factors are of great significance for the development of subtropical mountaintop vegetation.