基于人居环境可持续发展的乡村景观综合评价——以湖南省龙山县头车村为例

Rural Landscape Evaluation Based on Sustainable Development of Human Settlements Environment-A Case Study of Touche Village,Longshan County,Hunan Province

[目的]基于人居环境可持续发展的宗旨,对头车村进行景观综合评价。通过研究当地生态资源与人居环境现状,为该村的村落规划与生态保护提供有价值的参考。[方法]在对头车村实地调研的基础上,运用层次分析(AHP)、模糊综合评价法与重要性-绩效感知分析(IPA)相结合的方法,并从人文景观、生态环境、乡村发展、生活条件4个准则层与22个指标层在内的景观资源评价指标,展开头车村景观综合评价。[结果]头车村景观资源综合评价结果为“满意”,但是仍具有一定的提升空间。IPA结果分析表明,生态景观的多样性(C_(8))、森林覆盖率(C_(12))、乡村旅游推广情况(C_(15))、乡村景观吸引力(C_(16))这4项指标属于优势景观资源;生态系统的稳定性(C_(7))、乡村空心化情况(C_(13))、村民生活出行便捷度(C_(19)),这3项指标属于亟待改进之处。[结论]从综合评价结果来看,提出加强生态环境治理,提升乡村生产生活设施水平,完善产业发展要求的方法体系与优化路径,为头车村景观的优化提质与人居环境的改善提出科学合理的决策依据,以求更为精确、高效地提升该村的整体景观品质。

[Objective]Based on the purpose of sustainable development of human settlements,this paper evaluates the landscape of Touche Village.By studying the current situation of local ecological resources and human settlements,it provides a valuable reference for the village planning and ecological protection of the village.[Method]Based on the field investigation of Touche Village,the comprehensive landscape evaluation of Touche Village is carried out by using the combination of analytic hierarchy process(AHP),fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method and IPA analysis method,and from the four criteria levels of human landscape,ecological environment,rural development and living conditions,as well as the landscape resource evaluation indicators including 22 index levels.[Result]The research shows that the comprehensive evaluation result of landscape resources in Touche Village is“satisfactory”,and there is still some room for improvement.The analysis of IPA results shows that the four indicators of ecological landscape diversity(C_(8)),forest coverage(C_(12)),rural tourism promotion(C_(15))and rural landscape attraction(C_(16))belong to advantageous landscape resources;Ecosystem stability(C_(7)),rural hollowing out(C_(13))and villagers’living and travel convenience(C_(19))are three indicators that need to be improved.[Conclusion]From the comprehensive evaluation results,the paper puts forward the method system and optimization path to strengthen the ecological environment governance,improve the level of rural production and living facilities,and improve the requirements of industrial development,so as to put forward a scientific and reasonable decision-making basis for the optimization and quality improvement of the landscape and the improvement of the living environment of Touche Village,so as to improve the overall landscape quality of the village more accurately and efficiently.