秀珍菇主栽品种遗传差异及农艺性状比较

Comparison of Genetic Differences and Agronomic Traits between the Main Cultivars of Pleurotus pulmonarius

【目的】了解秀珍菇两个主栽品种‘台秀’和‘金秀’的遗传及农艺性状差异,为后续秀珍菇新品种选育提供遗传背景及农艺性状参考。【方法】采用菌落形态对比、拮抗试验、交配型因子分析、SRAP分子标记等方法,并比较菌丝生长速度及出菇农艺性状,进行两个品种间的遗传差异分析。【结果】台秀与金秀具有不同的菌落形态,但拮抗试验未观察到明显的拮抗现象。两个品种的菌丝生长趋势相同,菌丝适宜生长温度为20~30℃,30℃时菌丝生长速度最快。交配型因子测定分析表明二者具有相同的交配型因子。筛选得到6对引物进行SRAP-PCR扩增可以得到差异性条带。相同出菇条件下,金秀子实体菌盖更加厚实、一潮单袋产量138.86 g,台秀子实体颜色更深、一潮单袋产量126.57 g。【结论】秀珍菇主栽品种台秀与金秀之间遗传差异较小,但有着不同的农艺性状表现,可作为秀珍菇新品种选育的优良亲本。

【Objective】Understand the genetic and agronomic trait diferences between the two main cultivars of Pleurotus pulmonarius,‘Taixiu’and‘Jinxiu’,to provide genetic background and agronomic traits references for further breeding of new varieties of Pleurotus pulmonarius.【Method】Genetic differences between the two cultivars were analyzed through colony morphology,antagonistic reaction test,mating type analysis,SRAP molecular markers,and their agronomic traits were compared through growth rate of mycelium and the results of fruiting experiment.【Result】‘Taixiu’and‘Jinxiu’have different colony morphology,but no significant antagonistic reactions were observed.The growth trend of the two varieties of mycelium were the same,and the suitable temperature for mycelium growth was between 20℃and 30℃,with the fastest mycelium growth rate at 30℃.The analysis of mating type indicates that they had the same mating type.Six pairs of primers were screened for SRAPPCR amplification to obtain differential bands.Fruiting experiment showed that under the same mushroom production conditions,the cap of‘Jinxiu’fruit body was thicker,yield per bag at the first crop reached 138.86 g.The color of‘Taixiu’fruit body was darker,yield per bag at the first crop reached 126.57 g.【Conclusion】The genetic differences between the main cultivars of Pleurotus pulmonarius,Taixiu’and‘Jinxiu’,are relatively small,but their different agronomic traits were different.They can be used as excellent parents for the breeding of new varieties of Pleurotus pulmonarius.