河北省小麦赤霉病病原鉴定及毒性差异分析

Identification of pathogen of wheat head blight in Hebei Province and difference analysis of pathogenicity

为安全高效地减少由Fusarium spp.引起的小麦赤霉病带来的损失和危害,对小麦赤霉病病原菌的类型、产毒类型及致病性差异进行了分析。通过对河北省小麦赤霉病病菌的分离鉴定、致病性和产毒素类型分析,明确了引起河北省小麦赤霉病的病原菌及其特点。分子鉴定和形态学鉴定表明引起河北省小麦赤霉病的病原菌为禾谷镰刀菌(Fusarium graminearum),产毒类型为脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(Deoxynivalenol,DON)毒素类型,其中78株菌株产15-乙酰脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(15-AcDON),1株菌株产3-乙酰脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(3-AcDON),F.graminearum不同菌株间致病性存在差异。试验表明病原菌的扩展速度与毒素产生量之间呈正相关。研究结果对于有效筛选抗病品种、选择防控药剂、生防菌株的筛选等具有重要指导作用。

In order to safely and efficiently reduce the losses and harms caused by Fusarium spp,we analyzed the pathogen type,toxin type and pathogenicity difference of Fusarium head blight(FHB).The pathogenic fungi and their characteristice were identified,Through the isolation,identification,pathogenicity and toxin type analysis of FHB in Hebei Province,the pathogenic fungi and their characteristics were identified.Molecular identification and morphological identification showed that Fusarium graminearum was the pathogen causing FHB in Hebei Province,and the toxin type was DON toxin.Among the pathogens,78 isolates produced 15-AcDON chemotype toxin,and only one isolate produced 3-AcDON chemotype toxin.Pathogenicity varied among different isolates of F.graminearum.The positive correlation was found between the expansion rate of the pathogen and the amount of toxin produced.The results played an important role in the selection of disease-resistant varieties,control agents and screening of the biocontrol isolates against F.graminearum.