倾听:被忽略的传播维度

Listening:an Overlooked Dimension in Communication

倾听是日常生活中最普遍的传播现象之一,也是人类出生后第一项学会的技能,没有倾听就无法掌握语言技能。但是长期以来传播学更关注表达和内容生产,而非倾听和接受能力,故而倾听作为传播学分支的地位被严重忽略了。以帕洛阿尔托学派的元传播理论观之,则倾听的传播学属性一目了然:既输入信息,又建构关系,理应成为传播学的重要内容。正视倾听研究的学科地位不仅能纠正长期以来的“重说轻听”偏向,而且能回应传播学研究从关注主体向关注主体间的学科范式转移。

Listening is one of the most common communication phenomena in our daily life and it is also the first skill that human beings learn after birth.Without listening,language skills cannot be mastered.Yet,for a long time,communication studies have traditionally been paying more attention to expression and content production rather than listening and receiving ability.As a result,the study of listening,as an integral facet of communication,was once largely neglected.Drawing from the meta-communication theory of the Palo Alto Group,this paper elucidates the inherent communicative value in listening,highlighting its roles in information intake and fostering relationships.The significance of research on listening in communication studies is undeniable.Recognizing the disciplinary status of listening research,we can not only correct the long-term bias to“emphasizing speaking over listening,”but also respond to the paradigm shift in communication studies from focusing on subjects to focusing on the relationships between subjects.