以需要层次理论为导向的综合运动训练在慢性心力衰竭患者中的应用

Application of Integrated Exercise Training Guided by Need Hierarchy Theory in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure

目的:探讨以需要层次理论为导向的综合运动训练在慢性心力衰竭(CHF)患者中的应用效果。方法:选取2021年1月1日~2022年12月31日收治的92例CHF为研究对象,按随机数排秩法分为对照组和研究组各46例,对照组开展常规护理,研究组在对照组基础上开展以需要层次理论为导向的综合运动训练。比较两组干预前后自我效能、运动恐惧,心功能指标[包括左心室射血分数(LVEF)、左心室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)、左心室收缩末期内径(LVESD)、力竭时间、最大摄氧量(VO_(2mx))、最大运动功率(W_(max))、六分钟步行距离(6WMD)]、躯体症状、生活质量[采用明尼苏达心力衰竭生活质量问卷调查表(MLHFQ)]。结果:干预3、6个月后,两组运动自我效能均高于干预前(P<0.05),运动恐惧均低于干预前(P<0.05),且研究组优于对照组(P<0.01);干预6个月后,两组LVEDD、LVESD均低于干预前(P<0.01),力竭时间长于干预前(P<0.01),LVEF、VO_(2max)、W_(max)均高于干预前(P<0.01),6MWD长于干预前(P<0.05),且研究组优于对照组(P<0.01,P<0.05);干预6个月后,两组躯体症状、MLHFQ评分均低于干预前(P<0.05),且研究组低于对照组(P<0.01)。结论:以需要层次理论为导向的综合运动训练在CHF患者中具有较好的干预效果,可有效提高患者运动自我效能,减少运动恐惧,改善心功能与躯体症状,提升生活质量。

Objective:To explore the effect of integrated exercise training guided by the hierarchy theory of needs in patients with chron-ic heart failure.Methods:A total of 92 cases of chronic heart failure admitted from January 1,2021 to December 31,2022 were selected as the study objects,and were divided into the control group and the study group each with 46 cases according by the random number rank method.The control group conducted routine care,and the study group carried out integrated exercise training intervention based on the theory of need hierarchy on the basis of the control group.The self-efficacy,kinesophobia,cardiac function(LVEDD,LVESD,LVEF,ex-haustion time,VO_(2max),W_(max),6MWD),somatic symptoms,and quality of life(MLHFQ)were compared between the two groups.Results:Af-ter 3 and 6 months of intervention,the exercise self-efficacy scores were higher in both groups than those before intervention(P<0.05),the exercise fear scores were lower than those before intervention(P<0.05),and were better in the study group than those in the control group(P<0.05).After 6 months of intervention,the LVEDD and LVESD scores were lower in both groups than those before intervention(P<0.01),the exhaustion time was longer in both groups than those before intervention(P<0.01),the LVEF,VO_(2max),W_(max),were higher in both groups than those before intervention(P<0.01),and 6MWD was longer in both groups than those before intervention(P<0.01),that in the study group was better than that in the control group(P<0.01,P<0.05).After 6 months of intervention,the somatic symptom scores and MLHFQ scores were lower in both groups than those before intervention(P<0.05),and those in the study group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.01).Conclusion:Integrated exercise training guided by the hierarchy theory of need has a good intervention effect in patients with chronic heart failure,which can effectively improve exercise self-efficacy,reduce kinophobia,improve cardiac func-tion and physical symptoms,and improve the quality of life.