论生态保护补偿制度主体的法律建构

Legal Suggestions on Improvement of Ecological Protection Compensation Subject System

生态保护补偿制度主体的确定是生态保护补偿制度运行实践中的首要问题。基于生态保护补偿主体理论及国内外相关法律和政策规定,对生态保护补偿制度主体的法律建构进行分析。首先,识别生态保护补偿主体、受偿主体,并对主体法律关系进行类型化探索。其次,按照“权责一致、分类分级”的原则,依据地方政府作为生态保护补偿制度的执行者、生态保护补偿的受补者等不同角色,强化对地方各级政府职责的规定。最后,细化生态保护补偿制度主体的权利义务,明确生态保护补偿的最终目标、补偿期限、补偿的考核标准等,强化生态保护补偿制度在实现环境保护目标上的实效。

The determination of ecological protection compensation subject is the primary issue in the practice of ecological protection compensation.Based on the theory of ecological protection compensation and regulations on the subject of ecological compensation laws and policies,this paper provides legal suggestions on improvement of ecological protection compensation subject system.Firstly,it is crucial to explore the type of ecological protection compensation and the subject relationship.Furthermore,in accordance with the principles of"congruence of authority and responsibility"and"classification and hierarchy",based on the diverse roles of local governments as executors or recipients of the ecological compensation system,there is a reinforcement of the stipulation of responsibilities across various tiers of local government.In accordance with the different roles of local governments,it is necessary to strengthen the regulations on the responsibilities of local governments at all levels based on the unification of rights and responsibilities.Finally,the rights and obligations of ecological protection compensation subjects should be detailed,and the ultimate goal,period,and assessment criteria of ecological protection compensation should be clarified to strengthen the effectiveness of ecological protection compensation system in achieving environmental protection goals.