2010—2020年兰溪市≥50岁HIV/AIDS病例流行特征分析

Epidemiological Characteristics of HIV/AIDS Cases Aged≥50 Years in Lanxi from 2010 to 2020

目的:对2010—2020年兰溪市≥50岁HIV/AIDS病例流行特征进行分析,为相关防控策略的制定提供参考依据。方法:从艾滋病防治信息系统及历年艾滋病流行病学个案调查表中,收集2010—2020年兰溪市报告的≥50岁HIV/AIDS病例资料,对病例的基本情况、人口学特征、地区分布、传播途径、样本来源、首次CD4检测结果等数据进行统计分析。结果:2010—2020年兰溪市共报告≥50岁HIV/AIDS病例67例,占HIV/AIDS总病例数的27.57%。病例年龄主要集中在50~59岁,占全部≥50岁HIV/AIDS病例的59.70%,中位数为58(56,60)岁。男女比例为3.19∶1,其中已婚有配偶者占73.13%,文化程度为小学及以下者占61.19%,农民占67.16%,本市户籍者占61.19%。传播方式主要以异性传播为主,占89.55%。不同性别HIV/AIDS病例异性传播接触史比较,差异有统计学意义(χ2=20.881,P<0.01)。样本来源为医疗机构检测的占62.69%,感染时间为8年及以上者占63.49%。结论:兰溪市≥50岁HIV/AIDS病例占全部病例的比例较大,已成为艾滋病的高危人群,急需加强针对老年人群的健康宣教,扩大HIV检测覆盖面,提高老年人群的主动检测意识,促进HIV/AIDS病例的早发现,提高配偶检测率,降低二代传播的风险。

OBJECTIVE To analyze the epidemic characteristics of HIV/AIDS cases aged≥50 years in Lanxi City from 2010 to 2020,formulate corresponding prevention and control strategies.METHODS The data of cases aged≥50 years old reported in Lanxi City from 2010 to 2020 were collected from the AIDS prevention information system and the epidemiological case survey form over the years.The basic information,demographic characteristics,regional distribution,transmission routes,sample sources,and the re⁃sults of the first CD4 test were statistically analyzed.RESULTS From 2010 to 2020,a total of 67 HIV/AIDS cases aged≥50 years were reported in Lanxi city,accounting for 27.57%of the total.The cases were mainly distributed in the 50~59 age group,account⁃ing for 59.70%,with a median age of 58(56,60)years.The male to female ratio was 3.19∶1.Of the cases,73.13%were married with a spouse,61.19%had primary school education or below,67.16%were farmers,and 61.19%were registered in the city.Hetero⁃sexual transmission was dominant,accounting for 89.55%.The difference of heterosexual transmission contact history between differ⁃ent genders was statistically significant(χ2=20.881,P<0.01),and the difference of non-marital heterosexual transmission contact history between different genders was statistically significant.62.69%were tested in medical institutions,and 63.49%were infected for 8 years or more.CONCLUSION Lanxi has a large proportion of cases aged≥50 years old in the whole population,and has be⁃come a high-risk group of AIDS.It is urgent to increase the health education of the elderly population,expand the coverage of HIV testing,improve the awareness of active testing of the elderly population,and promote the early detection of HIV/AIDS cases.Im⁃prove the rate of mate detection and reduce the risk of second-generation transmission.