像素binning技术在高速弱点目标探测中的应用研究

Application of pixel binning technology in fast weak target detection

弱点目标探测系统要求系统具备高的探测灵敏度和高空间分辨率,实现弱点目标的稳定探测、目标的精准定位以及多目标伴飞时的精细分辨。光电跟瞄系统一般分为目标捕获和目标跟踪两个阶段。在目标捕获阶段,由于速度估计偏差,目标高速飞行的同时,若采用长积分时间进行探测,易出现目标能量跨像元的现象,难以实现目标探测信噪比的提升。为了解决目标高速运动导致的探测灵敏度降低的问题,本文提出了一种基于滑窗像素binning的高速弱点目标探测跟踪技术。像素binning模式提高了初始捕获阶段的探测灵敏度和探测稳定性,当跟瞄系统完成目标的稳定跟踪时,可以采用长积分时间和高分辨率模式完成目标的高灵敏度和高分辨率探测。本文对像素binning模式的信噪比增强效果进行了分析。分析表明,像素binning模式有利于提高高速弱点目标探测的信噪比和探测稳定性。

The weak target detection system requires high detection sensitivity and high spatial resolution,so as to realize the stable detection of weak targets,accurate positioning of targets and fine resolution when accompanying multiple targets.Photoelectric tracking and aiming system is generally divided into two stages:target acquisition and target tracking.In the target acquisition stage,due to the deviation of velocity estimation,when the target flies at high speed,if a long integration time is used for detection,the phenomenon of target energy crossing pixels is prone to occur,and it is difficult to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of target detection.In order to solve the problem of low detection sensitivity caused by high-speed target movement,high-speed weak target detection and tracking technology based on sliding window pixel binning is proposed in this paper.Pixel binning mode improves the detection sensitivity and detection stability in the initial acquisition stage.After the tracking system completes the stable tracking of the target,long integration time and high-resolution mode can be used to complete the detection of the target with high sensitivity and high-resolution.In this paper,the SNR enhancement effect of pixel binning mode is analyzed.The analysis shows that the pixel binning mode is conductive to improving the signal-to-noise ratio and detection stability of high-speed weak target detection.