一种促进社会民主的 劳动教育如何可能? ——杜威劳动教育思想初探

Can Labor Education Promote Social Democracy--An Initial Exploration about Dewey s Thoughts of Labor Education

劳动和劳动教育是杜威教育理论探索的重要议题,劳动教育思想是杜威教育哲学的重要内容。杜威之所以关注劳动和劳动教育,一方面是对“科学化、工业化和民主化”社会变革的理论回应,另一方面则是其民主主义教育哲学内在展开的理论需要。杜威劳动教育思想的主要内容包括:劳动教育的前提主张为“教育联系劳动生活、教育联系劳动阶级”;劳动教育的价值目标为“从人的理智自由到社会民主”;劳动教育的实践原则和路径为“去二元论”与“活动课程”。总结和评价杜威的劳动教育思想,其主要特征有:在劳动教育的价值选择上强调“文化价值”和“实用价值”兼顾;在劳动教育的目标定位上主张“个人自由”与“社会民主”结合;在劳动教育的实践过程中倡导“科学内容”与“艺术形式”共融。

Labor and labor education are the important subjects of Dewey s education theory;the thoughts of labor education are an important part of Dewey s educational philosophy.Dewey s attention to labor and labor education aims on the one hand to respond to social reform which is based on the development of science,industry and democracy,on the other hand to satisfy the need of construction about educational philosophy of democracy.The main content of Dewey s thoughts about labor education includes:Two premises of labor education were integrating education and labor life as well as integrating education and labor class;the value objective of labor education is the freedom of human intellect and social democracy;the practice principle a road of labor education are anti-dualism and activity course.A summary and evaluation Dewey s theory of labor education reveals three main characteristics:The first is on the value choice that consider both cultural value and practical value;the second is on the target location that combine personal freedom and social democracy;the third is on the practice process that achieve a better balance between science content and artistic form.