中小学减负政策: 历史回溯、演进逻辑与实践优化

The Policy of Reducing the Burden of Primary and Secondary Schools:Historical Retrospection,Evolutionary Logic,and Practice Optimization

中小学生减负是党和国家考量民族未来发展而一直关注的焦点问题。新中国成立以来,我国中小学减负政策经历了发轫垦拓时期、探索调整时期、深化突破时期和正本清源时期四个阶段,其演进逻辑包括始终坚持以因应时代需求为基点的动力机制,呈现工具理性和价值理性博弈竞合的价值取向,表现出由政府主导走向多元治理的架构设计,遵循由笼统模糊走向全面细致的内容安排。未来,中小学减负应在承袭与辩驳中踔厉前行。回归育人初心,坚持素质教育导向;明晰减负内涵,构建多元负担结构;加强团结协作,形成减负利益共同体;遵循依法治教,建设减负长效机制。

The Party and the State are concerned about reducing the burden of primary and secondary school students.Since the founding of the People s Republic of China,the burden reduction policy for primary and secondary schools in China has gone through four stages:The beginning of reclamation period,the exploration and adjustment period,the deepening breakthrough period,and the radical reform period.Its evolution logic has always adhered to the dynamic mechanism responding to the needs of the times,presented the value orientation of competition and cooperation between instrumental rationality and value rationality,showed the structural design from government-led to multi-governance,and followed the content arrangement from general ambiguity to comprehensive and meticulous.In the future,the burden reduction for primary and secondary schools should:Be vigorously carried forward through inheritance and refutation;return to the original intention of educating people and adhere to the orientation of quality education;clarify the connotation of burden reduction and build a diversified burden structure;strengthen solidarity and cooperation to form a community of interests to reduce burdens;and follow the rule of law and build a long-term mechanism.