不同施肥处理对油茶林土壤养分含量及植株生长的影响

Effect of Different Fertilization Treatments on Soil Nutrient Content and Growth Traits of Camellia oleifera Stand

本研究以‘长林4号’油茶Camellia oleifera‘Changlin No. 4’为材料,设置富氮复合肥(N∶P∶K=22∶8∶15)、富磷复合肥(N∶P∶K=8∶22∶15)、平衡复合肥(N∶P∶K=15∶15∶15)3个施肥处理以及1个空白对照(CK),研究不同施肥处理对油茶林土壤理化性质和植株生长的影响。结果表明,各施肥处理提高了油茶林地的土壤含水率和土壤中有机质、碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾的含量,其中富磷复合肥对提高土壤养分含量的效果最好,富氮复合肥效果次之;3种施肥处理均有效增加了油茶植株的地径、株高和冠幅,其中富氮复合肥处理增加地径效果最明显,平衡复合肥处理对株高影响最大,且不同处理间均达到显著性差异水平(P<0.05);各施肥处理对油茶细根生物量的增加均有显著的促进作用(P<0.05),并影响细根的空间分布,其中,以富磷复合肥处理的油茶林20~30 cm土层的细根生物量最大,综合分析发现以平衡复合肥处理的油茶细根生物量最大。

Sample plots were established for experiment on application in December 2021,July and December of 2022 of different compound fertilizers(N:P:K=22:8:15,N:P:K=8:22:15,N:P:K=15:15:15 and no fertilization as CK)in 6-year Camellia oleifera‘Changlin No.4’demonstration base,in Qingtian,Zhejiang province.In March 2023,soil and fine root were sampled and determinations were carried out on growth traits of C.oleifera‘Changlin No 4’.The results indicated that various fertilization treatments could improve soil water content,SOM,SAN,and SAPho and SAPot content.Compound fertilizer with N:P:K=8:22:15 had the best effect on soil nutrient content,followed by compound fertilizer with N:P:K=22:8:15.Application of three fertilizers effectively increased the growth of ground diameter,height and crown width,especially compound fertilizer with N:P:K=22:8:15 for ground diameter,and that with N:P:K=15:15:15 for height growth,and there were significant difference among different treatments.Each fertilization treatment had evidently effect on increase of fine root biomass and effect on the spatial distribution of fine roots.The compound fertilizer with N:P:K=8:22:15 had the greatest impact on fine root biomass at depth of 20-30 cm.