漆树新害虫天麻白粉蚧雄虫的发育过程和形态描述

Individual Development and External Morphology of Male Paraputo gastrodiae(Hemiptera:Coccoidea:Pseudococcidae)

在安康市平利县发现危害漆树根部的新害虫天麻白粉蚧,为了解其雄虫不同发育阶段的形态特征,通过室内饲养,进行外部形态观察和描述。结果表明,天麻白粉蚧为卵胎生,卵产出后才孵化;之后经过1龄、2龄若虫、预蛹、蛹、雄成虫5种虫态,卵为椭圆形,红棕色;1龄若虫体表被蜡粉后,能够活动扩散;2龄若虫末期可以区分雌雄性,雄若虫的体型较窄,管腺分泌蜡丝包裹体虫体,开始结茧,从此时经过约10 d就可以羽化为雄成虫;预蛹和蛹虫体体节分化明显,足发达,行动灵活,怕光;雄成虫单眼3对,平衡棒顶端具1根钩状毛,尾部具1对蜡质尾丝,腺体以5格腺为主,4格腺少。研究明确了天麻白粉蚧雄虫各发育阶段的形态特征和部分习性,有利于进一步开展其生物学特性和防治研究,同时也为粉蚧的分类和系统发育的研究提供了形态学依据。

Lacquer trees,distributed in Pingli County,Ankang City,Shaanxi Province,were observed being infested by a new pest,Paraputo gastrodiae(Hemiptera:Coccoidea:Pseudococcidae),which feeds on sap from the roots.To illustrate the male development and external morphologic characteristics of P.gastrodiae,during artificial feeding,microscope slide mounts from eggs to male adults including 1 st instar nymphs,2 nd instar nymphs,pupae and male adults were collected and prepared for external morphological observation and description in this study.P.gastrodiae is oviparous,and the eggs hatch after being laid.After that,the male goes through 1 st and 2 nd instar nymphs,pre-pupae,pupae and male adults.The egg is oval in shape and reddish-brown in colour.The 1 st instar nymph can move and spread after its body surface covering white powdered mealy secretion.Male 2 nd instar nymph with a relatively slender shape than female moves quickly and tubular ducts secret filaments inclusions to wrap the body in the late stage,which feathers into a male adult 10 days later.Prepupa and pupa enclosed in waxy secretion,both with obviously differentiated body segments and fully developed legs,are flexible and afraid of the light.Male adults have 3 pairs of single eyes,a pair of hooked hairs at the top of the balancer and a pair of glandular pouches shallow.Multilocular pores are mainly with 5 loculi,few with 4 loculi.This study clarifies the morphological characteristics and some habits of P.gastrodiae adult males at 5 developmental stages,which is conducive to further research on their biological characteristics and control,and also provides a morphological basis for the classification and phylogeny of mealybugs.