秦黑杨新品种木材纤维形态及其材性研究

Properties and Fiber Morphology of"Qinhei yang"Woods

通过方差分析和多重比较,对产于西北农林科技大学渭河试验站9年生的秦黑杨1号、秦黑杨2号、陕林3号的纤维形态及材性进行研究。秦黑杨1号、秦黑杨2号、陕林3号杨木的纤维长度分别为1317.18、1201.32、1317.72μm;木纤维长宽比分别为49.08、45.29、47.30;气干密度分别为0.551、0.502、0.623 g/cm^(3);体积干缩系数分别为0.541%、0.472%、0.513%;顺纹抗压强度分别为46.258、42.582、53.310 MPa;抗弯强度分别为87.558、85.000、105.336 MPa;抗弯弹性模量分别为10441.514、10830.987、13523.756 MPa。结果表明,木纤维长度秦黑杨1号和陕林3号相近,大于秦黑杨2号;木纤维长宽比秦黑杨1号大于陕林3号,秦黑杨2号最小;2种秦黑杨新品种的气干密度与材性均小于陕林3号,干缩系数秦黑杨1号最大,陕林3号次之,秦黑杨2号最小。为探讨秦黑杨木材的用途,综合分析秦黑杨纤维形态及材性指标,3种杨木均可作为造纸和纤维工业用材,且秦黑杨1号综合性能要优于陕林3号和秦黑杨2号;作为结构用木材,陕林3号性能优于秦黑杨1号和秦黑杨2号新品种。

Nine years old trees of Qinheiyang(Populus deltoides"Ⅰ-69"×P.deltoides)No.1,No.2,and Shaanlin No.3 were collected from"Weihe River Experimental Station of Northwest A&F University"to study the fiber morphology and properties of the woods.Among them,Shaanlin No.3,a recognized poplar species with good wood quality was used as the control.The data showed that the fiber lengths of Qinheiyang No.1,No.2,and Shaanlin No.3 were 1317.18,1201.32,1317.72μm,respectively.The ratios of length to width of the fibers were 49.08,45.29,47.30,respectively.The air dried densities were 0.551,0.502,0.623 g/cm^(3),respectively.The volume shrinkage coefficients were 0.541%,0.472%,0.513%,respectively.The longitudinal compressive strengths were 46.258,42.582,53.310 MPa,respectively.The bending strengths were 87.558,85.000,105.336 MPa,respectively.The flexural moduli were 10441.514,10830.987,13523.756 MPa,respectively.The results showed that the fiber length of Qinheiyang No.1 was close to the fiber length of Shaanlin No.3,and both of them were longer than Qinheiyang No.2.The ratio of length to width of Qinheiyang No.1 was larger than that of Shaanlin No.3,and Qinheiyang No.2 was the smallest.The air dried densities and wood properties of Qinheiyang No.1 and Qinheiyang No.2 were lower than that of Shaanlin No.3.The shrinkage coefficients of Qinheiyang No.1 was the largest,and followed by Shaanlin No.3 and Qinheiyang No.2.The comprehensive analysis of the fiber morphology and wood properties of three polar species indicates that all of them can be used as the materials for paper making and fiber industry,and Qinheiyang No.1 is the best.Shaanlin No.3 has a better performance than Qinheiyang No.1 and Qinheiyang No.2 while used as structural timber.