云南产铁皮石斛多农药残留膳食摄入累积风险评估

Cumulative intake risk assessment of multi-pesicidies in local Dendrobium candidum in Yunnan

目的检测铁皮石斛中农药残留情况,并对其进行急性及慢性膳食摄入累积风险评估,为安全监管、地方标准制定提供技术支撑。方法2021年收集云南产铁皮石斛干制品81份,对铁皮石斛中的5种杀菌剂和2种拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂残留进行测定。采用危害指数(hazard index,HI)法对铁皮石斛中多农药残留膳食摄入累积风险进行评估。结果苯醚甲环唑检出率最高,为98.77%,其次分别为甲霜灵91.36%、丙环唑77.78%、咪鲜胺58.02%和腐霉利12.20%,联苯菊酯、三氟氯氰菊酯未检出。检出的5种农药的急性累积摄入(acute cumulative intake,a HI)合计为13.64×10^(-3),慢性累积摄入(chronic cumulative intake,c HI)合计为8.53×10^(-3),均<1。结论云南产铁皮石斛杀菌剂类农药残留的急性及慢性膳食累积暴露风险较低,建议食品监管部门进一步加强规范铁皮石斛中农药的使用和管理。

Objective To detect pesticide residues in Dendrobium candidum,and evaluate the cumulative risk of acute and chronic dietary intake,so as to provide technical support for safety supervision and local standard formulation.Methods A total of 81 local samples of Dendrobium candidum(dry products)were collected in 2021,and the residues of 5 fungicides and 2 pyrethroid insecticides in Dendrobium candidum were determined.The hazard index(HI)method was used to evaluate the cumulative risk of dietary intake of multiple pesticide residues in Dendrobium candidum.Results The detection rate of difenoconazole was the highest(98.77%),followed by metalaxyl(91.36%),propiconazole(77.78%),prochloraz(58.02%)and pythil(12.20%),while bifenthrin and cypermethrin were not detected.The total acute cumulative intake(aHI)of the five pesticides detected was 13.64×10^(-3),and the total chronic cumulative intake(cHI)was 8.53×10^(-3),all less than 1.Conclusion The acute and chronic cumulative dietary exposure risks of fungicide pesticide residues in Dendrobium candidum produced in Yunnan are low,but it is also suggested that the food regulatory authorities should further standardize the use and management of pesticides in Dendrobium candidum.