泸州市农村中老年艾滋病知晓现状及影响因素分析

Analysis of HIV/AIDS knowledge and related factors among middle-aged and elderly people in rural areas of Luzhou City

目的了解泸州市农村中老年人对艾滋病相关知识的知晓情况以及该人群对低档商业性行为的认知程度,为该地区中老年人群艾滋病防控提供参考。方法采用便利抽样的方法,于2020年7—8月在泸州市农村中老年人群中开展问卷调查,并对数据进行分析。结果共计调查639人,艾滋病相关知识知晓率为33.6%。获取艾滋病知识的渠道以电视广播(49.1%)为主,调查对象中66.7%知道“板板茶”,而51.0%对“板板茶”能不能传染艾滋病不了解。促使农村中老年艾滋病相关知识知晓率增加的因素有文化程度为初中(OR=2.007,95%CI:1.129~3.571)、高中或中专及以上(OR=2.695,95%CI:1.232~5.896),不会躲避得了艾滋病的人(OR=1.641,95%CI:1.035~2.601),认为“板板茶”能传染艾滋病(OR=2.464,95%CI:1.645~3.691),参加过有组织的宣传活动(OR=2.909,95%CI:1.759~4.809),既往通过电视广播(OR=1.751,95%CI:1.118~2.741)获得艾滋病知识。结论泸州市农村中老年人群艾滋病相关知识知晓较差,对低档商业性行为“板板茶”传播艾滋病风险的认知较低。应针对农村中老年人群的特点以及地区特色,开展形式多样、易于接受的健康教育,以提高中老年人群对艾滋病以及对“板板茶”的正确认知,改变危险行为,降低艾滋病感染风险。

Objective To understand the knowledge of HIV/AIDS among middle-aged and elderly people in rural areas of Luzhou and their awareness of low-grade commercial sex,then provide a reference for the prevention and control of HIV/AIDS among middle-aged and elderly people in this area.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among the middle-aged and elderly population in rural areas of Luzhou City from July to August 2020 using a convenient sampling method,and the data was analyzed.Results A total of 639 people were investigated,and the knowledge awareness rate of AIDS related knowledge was 33.6%.TV and radio(49.1%)were the main channels to obtain AIDS knowledge.66.7%of the respondents knew about"Banban Tea",while 51.6%did not know whether"Banban Tea"could infect AIDS.The factors that promote the increase of awareness rate did AIDS related knowledge among the middle-aged and elderly in rural areas were junior high school education(OR=2.007,95%CI:1.129-3.571),education level of high school or technical secondary school or above(OR=2.695,95%CI:1.232-5.896),people who do not avoid people living with AIDS(OR=1.641,95%CI:1.035-2.601),people who believed that"Ban ban Tea"can transmit AIDS(OR=2.464,95%CI:1.645-3.691),had engaged in organized health education activities(OR=2.909,95%CI:1.759-4.809),and had previously acquired HIV/AIDS knowledge through television and/or radio(OR=1.751,95%CI:1.118-2.741).Conclusions The knowledge about AIDS among middle-aged and elderly people in rural areas of Luzhou City is poor,and they have a low awareness of the risk of AIDS transmission from low-grade commercial sex"Banban Tea".According to the characteristics of rural middle-aged and elderly people and regional characteristics,various and easily accepted health education should be carried out to improve the middle-aged and elderly people's correct understanding of AIDS and"Banban Tea",change dangerous behaviors,and reduce the risk of AIDS infection.