疫情常态化背景下天津市基层医疗卫生机构护士工作压力调查

Investigation on work stress of nurses in primary medical and health institutions in Tianjin under background of epidemic normalization

目的了解天津市基层医疗卫生机构护士工作压力现状,并分析压力影响因素,为基层医疗卫生机构管理者有效降低护士工作压力提供参考。方法采用便利抽样于2022年6—7月应用中国护士工作压力源量表对天津市99家基层医疗卫生机构923名护士进行横断面调查研究,并对数据进行分析。结果923名护士工作压力得分为(80.30±23.49)分,每个条目均分为(2.29±0.92)分,其中工作量及时间分配、护理专业工作和病人护理3个维度的护士工作压力得分最高。年龄、每月夜班数和用工形式均是基层医疗卫生机构护士工作压力的影响因素(均P<0.05)。结论天津市基层医疗卫生机构护士工作压力处于中等以上程度,护理管理者要建立长效激励机制、弹性化排班与岗位调动机制,通过宣传引导机制等方式增强护士职业荣誉感,以降低护士工作压力。

Objective To investigate the current situation of nurses'working pressure in primary medical and health institutions in Tianjin,and analyze the influencing factors of pressure,so as to provide reference for managers of primary medical and health institutions to effectively reduce nurses'working pressure.Methods From June to July 2022,the convenience sampling was used to conduct a cross-sectional survey of 923 nurses from 99 primary medical and health institutions in Tianjin by using the Chinese nurse job stressors scale,and the data were analyzed.Results The job stressors scale score of 923 nurses was(80.30±23.49)points,and the average score of each item was(2.29±0.92)points,among which the three dimensions of workload and time allocation,nursing professional work and patient care had the highest score.The age,number of night shifts per month and employment form were the influencing factors of work stress of nurses in primary medical and health institutions(all P<0.05).Conclusion The working pressure of nurses in primary medical and health institutions in Tianjin is above medium level,and the nursing managers should establish long-term incentive mechanism,flexible scheduling and post transfer mechanism,and enhance the sense of professional honor of nurses through publicity and guidance mechanism,so as to reduce the working pressure of nurses.