体检筛查人群早发2型糖尿病特点及危险因素

Characteristics and risk factors of early onset type 2 diabetes in physical examination population

目的:了解健康体检人群早发2型糖尿病的流行特点,探讨早发2型糖尿病的相关危险因素。方法:收集2019年1至12月天津医科大学总医院健康体检人群资料,筛选符合条件的受检者,分为血糖正常组、早发2型糖尿病组与晚发2型糖尿病组。使用卡方检验和多元Logistic回归分析早发2型糖尿病的相关危险因素。结果:单因素分析结果显示,与血糖正常组、晚发2型糖尿病组相比,早发2型糖尿病组糖尿病家族史、男性、肥胖、吸烟及饮酒、血脂异常比例最高。与血糖正常组相比,早发2型糖尿病组高血压和动脉粥样硬化患病率明显增加,分别为34.4%vs 13.4%、61.8%vs 27.7%。多因素Logistic回归分析结果提示,男性、肥胖、糖尿病家族史、脂肪肝受检者早发2型糖尿病风险增加,OR值95%CI分别是8.23(5.63~12.03)、1.80(1.29~2.52)、5.88(4.67~7.39)、2.02(1.54~2.64)。此外,低高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)、高甘油三脂(TG)血症者早发糖尿病风险亦增加,OR值95%CI分别是2.05(1.44~2.93)、1.47(1.15~1.90),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:糖尿病家族史、男性、肥胖、脂肪肝、低HDL-C、高TG是早发2型糖尿病独立危险因素,应针对具有此特点人群开展糖尿病早期预防与筛查,并且对早发2型糖尿病患者综合监测血压与动脉硬化,防治多病共患尤为重要。

Objective:To explore the epidemiological characteristics and the related risk factors of early-onset type 2 diabetes in health check-up people.Methods:The subjects who underwent physical examination in Tianjin Medical University from January to December in 2019 were selected.The general information,physical examination and laboratory examination indexes were collected.The eligible subjects were divided into three groups,including the normal blood glucose,early-onset type 2 diabetes and lateonset type 2 diabetes.Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyze the related risk factors of early-onset type 2 diabetes.Results:Compared with normal blood glucose group and late-onset type 2 diabetes group,early-onset type 2 diabetes group had the highest proportion of male,obesity,family history of diabetes,smoking,drinking and dyslipidemia.The prevalence of hypertension and atherosclerosis was highest in late onset group.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that family history of diabetes,male,obesity,fatty liver,early onset of type 2 diabetes risk increased,[OR(95%CI)8.23(5.63~12.03),1.80(1.29~2.52),5.88(4.67~7.39),2.02(1.54~2.64),respectively,P<0.05].In addition,the risk of low high-density lipoprotein and high triglyceride for early onset diabetes also increased[OR(95%CI)2.05(1.44~2.93)and 1.47(1.15~1.90),respectively,P<0.05].Conclusions:Family history of diabetes,male and obesity were independent risk factors for early-onset type 2 diabetes.The risk of hypertension and atherosclerosis in patients with early-onset type 2 diabetes increased.