打造“渴望”:经纪人的工作自主性与劳动控制——以上海JH家政公司为例

Manufacturing “Aspiration”:Agents' Subjectivity and Labor Control on Their Work——Taking JH Care Service Agency in Shanghai as an Example

通过对上海JH家政公司的考察,本文提出“渴望的制度化改造”,分析家政公司如何通过提成制、体验制和表彰制将家政经纪人以赚钱养家、小富即安和小城镇女性身份为基础的“现实型渴望”改造成以年薪百万、大城市中产生活和家政白领身份认同为核心的“理想型渴望”,从而实现劳动控制的过程。在此过程中,经纪人忍受当下劳动的辛苦,积极工作,并形成一套文化解释来合理化现实和理想的差距,实现自我剥削。

Based on a case study of JH care service agency in Shanghai,this article uses the framework of “institutional transformation of aspiration” to demonstrate the process of labor control on care service agents,in which the agency transforms agents' realist aspiration of earning money to support family as small-town women into the idealist aspiration of earning millions of RMB a year as white-collar domestic workers leading middle-class life in the big city through the commission system,the experience system,and the recognition system. In this process,agents endure the current hard labor conditions,work actively,and develop a set of cultural explanations to rationalize the gap between reality and the ideal,thus achieving self-exploitation.