新型乡村资产经营模式对农民增收的机制与绩效研究——基于强村公司的实证分析

Research on the mechanism and performance of the new rural asset management model to farmers'income—Based on the empirical analysis of Qiangcun company

我国乡村拥有土地、人口、生态环境、民俗文化等独特的资源优势。以充分清点、挖掘乡村地区的资源潜力,推动资源的资产化、资本化为特征的新型乡村资产经营模式对驱动乡村振兴战略的实施和补齐农民共同富裕的短板具有重要作用。本文梳理了新型乡村资产经营模式典型载体强村公司的演进历程与作用机制,勾勒了浙江省强村公司的空间分布情况;进一步地,基于2000-2020年浙江省各地级市面板数据与强村公司地理位置数据进行了实证分析,考察评估了强村公司对农民增收的绩效。研究发现:强村公司密度提高对农村居民人均可支配收入发挥着显著的正向影响,且不同发展模式的强村公司对农民增收的正向影响相差有限,而强村公司注册资本总额对农民集体增收的作用并不显著。最后提出了相应的政策建议,为强村公司持续助推农民增收提供决策参考。

Rural areas of China have unique resource advantages such as land,population,ecological environment and folk culture.The new rural asset management mode fully inventoried and dug the resource potential of rural areas,and promoted the capitalization of resources.This mode is not only an important path of rural revitalization,but also an effective way to make up for the shortcomings of common prosperity of farmers.We reviewed the evolution and mechanism of Qiangcun companies,a typical carrier of new rural asset management model,and outlined the spatial distribution of Qiangcun companies in Zhejiang Province.Based on the panel data of prefecture-level cities in Zhejiang Province and the geographical location data of Qiangcun Companies from 2000 to 2020,we evaluated the performance of Qiangcun companies'operation mode on farmers'income.The results show that the increase of firm density had a significant positive impact on the income of rural residents,and the positive impacts of different development modes were similar.The total registered capital of Qiangcun companies had no significant effect on farmers'collective income.Finally,the specific suggestions were put forward to provide decision reference for Qiangcun companies to boost farmers'income continuously.