中国星级酒店空间演化特征及其影响因素

Spatial Evolution Characteristics of Star-rated Hotelsand Its Influencing Factors in China

星级酒店是中国住宿业的重要组成部分,识别星级酒店空间格局及其影响因素,对调整优化酒店空间结构布局具有重要意义。采用标准差椭圆、最邻近指数、核密度分析以及地理探测器等方法,探究中国星级酒店的空间演化特征及其影响因素。结果表明:(1)中国星级酒店等级分布结构为“橄榄型”,酒店数量在空间上呈现出由东向西递减的态势;(2)星级酒店整体空间分布中心向西北方向移动明显,分布范围进一步扩大,空间发展的方向性更加模糊,空间分布结构类型上表现出显著的空间集聚特征,但集聚程度有所减弱;(3)星级酒店空间分布与城市群分布高度契合,呈现出以城市群为依托的“多核心-群聚型”空间分布格局,京津冀城市群、长江三角洲城市群以及珠江三角洲城市群是星级酒店空间分布密度的三大高值区;(4)自然环境、社会政治以及经济产业因素的耦合作用形成了中国星级酒店空间分异格局,其中地区生产总值、进出口总额以及人口规模影响力较大。

As star-rated hotels are an important part of accommodation industry in China,the identification of its spatial pattern and influencing factors is of great significance for adjusting and optimizing the spatial structure of hotels.This paper explores the spatial evolution characteristics of star-rated hotels and its influencing factors in China by the methods of standard deviation ellipse,the nearest neighbor index,kernel density analysis,and Geodetector.The results show as follows:(1)The level distribution structure of star-rated hotels in China is in the shape of“olive”,and the number of hotels in space is on a trend of decreasing from east to west;(2)The overall spatial distribution center of star-rated hotels has moved significantly to the northwest and the distribution range is further expanded,but the direction of spatial development has become more ambiguous;the spatial distribution structure type is characterized by significant spatial agglomeration,but the degree of agglomeration is weakened;(3)The spatial distribution of star-rated hotels is highly consistent with the distribution of urban agglomerations and presents a spatial distribution pattern of“multi-core and cluster-agglomeration”,which is based on urban agglomerations;the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration,the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration and the Pearl River Delta urban agglomeration are the three high-value areas for the spatial distribution density of star-rated hotels;(4)The coupling effects of natural environment,social politics and economic industry factors have formed the spatial differentiation pattern of star-rated hotels in China,among which the regional GDP,total import and export,and population size have exerted greater influence.