毛乌素沙地黑沙蒿花粉传播动态及其与气象要素的关系研究

Relationship Between Pollen Dispersal Dynamics and Meteorological Factors for Artemisia ordosica in Mu Us Sandyland

于2020年8月2-4日(黑沙蒿盛花期),采用重力玻片法,对其三维空间花粉传播日变化规律进行监测,每3 h监测1次,连续监测3 d。结果表明:在黑沙蒿盛花期的24 h内,花粉量日变化动态可用一元三次函数描述,02:00-03:00时花粉量最少,14:30-15:00时最多,具有单峰性和爆发性;在空间变化上,当地盛行风上风端花粉数显著少于下风端,南方位最少,显著少于下风端北方位,且3 m高处显著少于1 m处。花粉量与气温极显著正相关(P <0.01)、与相对湿度极显著负相关(P <0.01)、与风速呈正相关。通径分析表明,气温是影响花粉传播的主导因子,风速次之,相对湿度最小。因此,通过生态或生物措施营造一个相对低风速、低气温及高湿度的局部小环境,将有利于降低黑沙蒿花粉的扩散和传播。

From August 2 to 4,2020(the flowering period of Artemisia ordosica),the daily variation of its three-dimensional space pollen transmission was monitored by using the gravity slide method,once every 3h,for 3 consecutive days.The results showed that the diurnal variation of pollen amount could be described by a univariate cubic function within 24 hours of the blooming period of A.ordosica.The pollen amount was the least from 02:00 to 03:00,and the most from 14:30 to 15:00,with unimodal and explosive characteristics;In terms of spatial change,the number of pollens at the upwind end of the local prevailing wind is significantly less than that at the downwind end,and the number in the south is the least,which is significantly less than that at the north of the downwind end,and the number at 3m is significantly less than that at Im.Pollen amount was positively correlated with air temperature(P<0.01),negatively correlated with relative humidity(P<0.01),and positively correlated with wind speed.Path analysis showed that temperature was the dominant factor affecting pollen propagation,followed by wind speed and relative humidity.Therefore,creating a local small environment with relatively low wind speed,low air temperature and high humidity through ecological or biological measures will help reduce the spread and transmission of A.ordosica pollen.