2020—2022年天津市环城某区食源性疾病主动监测分析

Analysis of active surveillance for foodborne diseases in a district around Tianjin from 2020 to 2022

目的通过食源性疾病主动监测结果及流行病学调查分析其发病及流行趋势,为当地有针对性地预防和控制食源性疾病提供参考。方法对2020—2022年天津市环城某区食源性疾病的病例信息、病原监测结果、可疑食品及来源进行分析。结果2020—2022年该区两家主动监测哨点医院共监测食源性疾病主动监测标本617份,沙门菌、副溶血性弧菌、致泻大肠埃希菌、诺如病毒检出率分别为8.43%、0.32%、1.57%、2.13%,志贺菌未检出。0岁~组发病率最高占41.17%,食源性疾病就诊高峰集中在6—10月,7—8月为峰值,分布有明显的季节性。监测病例的可疑暴露食品前三位为混合/多种食品占31.28%,肉及肉制品占15.23%,水果及其制品占14.10%,暴露食品来源最高为家庭自制占25.77%,其次是零售农贸市场占18.31%。结论该区食源性疾病主动监测致病菌检出以沙门菌为主,因此应进一步加强监测及宣传,推动食品安全社会共治。

Objective To analyze the incidence and epidemic trend of foodborne diseases through the results of active surveillance and epidemiological investigation,to provide reference for the local targeted prevention and control of foodborne diseases.Methods The information of food-borne diseases,the results of pathogen surveillance,the suspicious food and its sources from 2020 to 2022 in a district around Tianjin were analyzed.Results 2020-2022,a total of 617 active samples of foodborne diseases were monitored in two active surveillance sentinel hospitals in the district,the positive rates of Salmonella,Vibrio parahaemolyticus,diarrhoeal Escherichia coli and Norovirus were 8.43%,0.32%,1.57%,2.13%.No Shigella was detected.The incidence rate of the 0-year old group was the highest with 41.17%.The peak of foodborne diseases was from June to October,and the peak value was from July to August,with obvious seasonal distribution.The top three suspected exposed foods of the monitored cases were mixed/multiple foods,accounting for 31.28%,meat and meat products,accounting for 15.23%,fruits and their products,accounting for 14.10%.The highest source of exposed foods was home-made,accounting for 25.77%,followed by retail farmers'market,accounting for 18.31%.Conclusion Salmonella was the main pathogen detected in active surveillance of foodborne illness in this area,It was suggested to further strengthen monitoring and publicity,and promote social co governance of food safety.