基于多因素耦合作用的高速铁路钢轨廓形偏差限值研究

Research on Limit Value of Rail Profile Deviation of High-Speed Railway Based on Multi-Factor Coupling Effect

钢轨廓形偏差对动车组服役稳定性影响显著。针对这一现象,分析不同轮轨廓形及轮轨几何参数对等效锥度的影响,建立动车组拖车动力学仿真模型,计算分析单因素和多因素耦合作用下直线、曲线线路的构架横向振动加速度变化规律,提出钢轨廓形偏差限值建议值。结果表明:对于磨耗车轮,名义等效锥度随钢轨廓形正偏差的增大、轨距的减小、轮对内侧距的增大而增大,名义等效锥度最大达0.59;列车运行速度小于200 km·h^(-1)时,单一因素对构架横向振动加速度影响较小,随着速度和钢轨廓形偏差的增大,轨距、轮对内侧距等单因素的影响逐渐增大;轮轨系统多因素耦合作用使得构架横向振动加速度进一步增大;钢轨廓形偏差小于0.2 mm时,不同工况的构架横向振动加速度均小于失稳限值;钢轨廓形偏差大于0.4 mm时,多因素耦合作用下构架横向振动加速度接近或超过限值;钢轨廓形偏差大于0.8 mm时,单因素或多因素耦合作用均易使得构架横向振动加速度接近或超过限值。因此,应对钢轨廓形偏差进行分级管控,Ⅰ—Ⅲ级管理建议值分别为0.2,0.4和0.8 mm。

Rail profile deviation has a significant influence on the service stability of EMU.Aiming at this issue,firstly,the influence of wheel-rail profiles and wheel-rail geometric parameters on equivalent conicity is analyzed,and the dynamic simulation model of EMU trailer is established.Secondly,under single factor and multi-factor coupling,the variation laws of lateral vibration acceleration of the bogie frame on straight and curved lines are analyzed.Finally,the limit value of rail profile deviation is put forward.The results show that the nominal equivalent conicity increases with the increase of positive deviation of rail profile and inner distance of wheelset,and the decrease of track gauge for the worn wheels.The maximum nominal equivalent conicity reaches 0.59.When the train operation speed is less than 200 km·h^(-1),the influence of single factor on the lateral vibration acceleration of the bogie frame is slight.With the increase of speed and rail profile deviation,the influence of single factor such as gauge,wheelset inner distance,increases gradually.The multi-factor coupling effect of wheel-rail system makes the lateral vibration acceleration of the bogie frame further increase.When the rail profile deviation is less than 0.2 mm,the lateral vibration acceleration under different working conditions is less than the limit value.When the rail profile deviation is greater than 0.4 mm,the lateral vibration acceleration under multi-factor coupling approaches or exceeds the limit value.When the rail profile deviation is greater than 0.8 mm,the lateral vibration acceleration is prone to approach or exceed the limit value due to single factor or multi-factor coupling.Therefore,it is suggested to control the rail profile deviation by grades,and the recommended values of grade I-III management are 0.2 mm,0.4 mm and 0.8 mm respectively.