法院参与涉案企业刑事合规的基本问题

Basic Issues on the Courts Participation in Criminal Compliance of Enterprises Involved in Cases

法院参与涉案企业刑事合规改革具有正当性与必要性。在消极参与的被动模式下,法院可以对检察机关主导的涉案企业刑事合规进行审查与确认。对于涉案企业刑事合规,不能简单定位于酌定量刑情节,而否定其出罪的可能,宜将之与认罪认罚制度结合起来视为法定情节,发挥对定罪量刑的影响。撤回起诉是当下涉案企业刑事合规可以利用的制度资源。在积极参与的主动模式下,法院可以主导审判阶段合规计划有效性的审查与评估,灵活运用延期审理制度,妥当解决适用刑事合规的刑行衔接问题。立足于促进法院参与刑事合规的应然视角,应完善单位犯罪的刑事制裁体系,构建单位缓刑制度与单位累犯制度。

It is legitimate and necessary for the court to participate in the criminal compliance reform of the enterprises involved in the case.Under the passive mode of passive participation,the court can review and confirm the criminal compliance of the enterprises involved in the case led by the procuratorate.For the criminal compliance of enterprises involved in the case,it is not possible to simply locate the discretionary sentencing circumstance,but deny the possibility of their innocent,and it is appropriate to combine it with the plea system as a statutory circumstance,and exert its influence on conviction and sentencing.The withdrawal of prosecution is an institutional resource that can be used for criminal compliance of enterprises involved in the case at present.Under the active mode of active participation,the court can lead the review and evaluation of the effectiveness of the compliance plan at the trial stage,flexibly use the deferred trial system,and appropriately solve the problem of linking criminal and administrative issues to criminal compliance.Based on the applicable perspective of promoting court participation in criminal compliance,the criminal sanctions system for unit crimes should be improved,and a unit probation system and a unit recidivism system should be constructed.