抗战时期陕甘宁边区“三八”节纪念与妇女动员

On the Celebration of the“March 8th”Day and Women’s Mobilization in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region during the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression

作为象征仪式的纪念活动是中共进行政治动员的重要方式。抗日战争时期,基于极其残酷的战争环境与妇女解放的迫切需求,中共十分注重利用“三八”国际妇女节(以下简称“三八”节)纪念来实现对“能顶半边天”的妇女的政治动员。陕甘宁边区在“三八”节纪念中,通过训话、表彰、检阅、展览等方式开展仪式动员,运用戏剧、舞蹈、歌谣及报刊等方式开展文化动员,以倡导妇女解放、表达抗日反顽主张、争取妇女权益、促进妇女团结等言论开展话语动员。“三八”节纪念成为妇女动员的重要途径,激发了妇女民族解放意识和自我解放意识的双重觉醒,边区妇女被广泛地动员起来,积极地投身到抗战救国的时代洪流中。

Celebration,as a symbolic ceremony,is an important means for the Party to carry out political mobi⁃lization.During the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression,in view of the harsh situation and the urgent need for women’s liberation,the Communist Party of China made political mobilization for women’s liberation through celebrating activities on the International Women’s Day(or the“March 8th Day”in short).On the occa⁃sion,ceremony mobilization was conducted across the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region through events,such as lecturing,commendation,inspections,exhibitions;cultural mobilization was conducted through plays,dances,ballads,news coverage,etc.;and discourse mobilization was conducted by advocating for women’s liberation,ex⁃pressing sentiments against Japanese aggression and obstinate views,calling for women’s rights,and unity.Hence,the celebration of the Mary 8th Day became an important way to mobilize women,awaken their sense of national lib⁃eration and their consciousness of self-liberation.As a result,women in the border region had been widely mobi⁃lized and they engaged themselves actively in the war of resistance and national salvation.