大兴安岭南麓带状复合种植带型对大豆玉米生长的影响

Effects of Different Belt Types of Belt Compound Planting on the Growth and Development of Soybean and Maize in the Southern Foothills of the Great Khingan Mountains

为探究不同带状种植模式下大豆玉米生长、产量特性及经济效益,通过设置4种带型S2M2、S4M4、S4M2、S6M4及单种玉米(M)、大豆(S)6个处理对不同种植带型的大豆玉米生育进程、农艺性状、产量、土地当量比(LER)及经济效益进行分析。结果表明,带状种植条件下的大豆生育期有延迟现象,与单种大豆相比生育期延迟2~3 d;通过主成分分析可知,玉米边际效应优势最大的S2M2带型,玉米穗部性状因子得分最高,为1.22,单种玉米因子得分最低,仅为-2.27;带状复合种植条件下大豆的百粒重在20.17~22.87 g之间,而单种大豆百粒重仅为19.94 g;4种带型设置的LER均大于1,其中S4M2带型的LER最大,为1.38;与单种玉米相比,S4M4带型纯收益最高,增收246.95元·hm^(-2),增收率为1.60%,与单种大豆相比增收11822.07元·hm^(-2),增收率为101.90%。带状复合种植条件下的整体经济效益大于单种,通过土地当量比、经济效益及下一年轮作等整体分析,S4M4带型适用于种植面积大、机械化程度高的大兴安岭南麓地区。

In order to explore the growth,yield characteristics and economic benefits of soybean corn under different belt planting modes.The growth process,agronomic traits,yield,equivalent ratio and economic benefits of soybean and maize with different planting belt types were analyzed by setting four belt types S2M2,S4M4,S4M2,S6M4 and six treatments of single maize(M)and soybean(S).The results showed that the growth period of soybean under the condition of strip planting was delayed,which was 2-3 days later than that of clear soybean.According to the principal component analysis,the factor score of ear traits of S2M2 type maize with the largest marginal effect advant age was 1.22,and the factor score of clear-cut maize was only-2.27;The 100-seed weight of soybean under the condition of strip compound planting was between 20.17 and 22.87 g,while the 100-seed weight of clear soybean was only 19.94 g.The LER of the four belt types was greater than 1,and the maximum LER of the S4M2 belt type was 1.38.Compared with single corn,the net income of S4M4 belt increased by 246.95 yuan·ha^(-1),with an increase rate of 1.60%,and 11822.07 yuan·ha^(-1),with an increase rate of 101.90%.The overall economic benefit under the condition of belt compound planting was greater than that of seed clearing.Through the overall analysis of equivalence ratio,economic benefit and rotation in the next year,the S4M4 belt type is suitable for the northeast region with large planting area and high mechanization.