不同植物生长调节剂对无核白葡萄及葡萄干产量和品质的影响

Effects of Different Plant Growth Regulators on Quality and Yield of Thompson Seedless Grape and Raisin

为促进优质无核白葡萄及葡萄干的生产,以吐鲁番地区主栽鲜食、制干兼用葡萄品种无核白为试验材料,分析生产上常用的3种植物生长调节剂组合处理(处理A:花前7 d使用80 mg·L^(-1)GA 3、盛花期使用80 mg·L^(-1)GA 3+9 mg·L^(-1)GA 4+7+9 mg·L^(-1)6-BA、花后10 d使用150 mg·L^(-1)GA 3+9 mg·L^(-1)GA 4+7+9 mg·L^(-1)6-BA;处理B:花前7 d使用80 mg·L^(-1)GA 3、花后7 d使用150 mg·L^(-1)GA 3、花后14 d使用100 mg·L^(-1)GA 3;处理C:花前7 d使用50 mg·L^(-1)GA 3、花后7 d使用100 mg·L^(-1)GA 3)下无核白葡萄及葡萄干品质差异。结果表明,处理A的葡萄果穗质量、果粒质量、平均葡萄干单粒质量、葡萄单产和葡萄干产量均显著大于处理B和处理C,且葡萄及葡萄干颜色指标h°值最大,葡萄果穗紧密度适中,果粒大小一致、VC含量最高、肉质脆,所晾制葡萄干呈柱形、颜色碧绿-绿黄、饱满;处理B和处理C较处理A虽然提高了葡萄可溶性固形物、固酸比、出干率,降低了总酸含量,但产量低,且葡萄及葡萄干颜色偏黄,葡萄肉质较脆或软。综上,吐鲁番地区无核白葡萄使用处理A的方法葡萄及葡萄干品质最优,且产量最高。

In order to provide technical reference for the production of high-quality Thompson seedless grapes and raisins,the main cultivar Thompson seedless grape with table and dry grape was used as experimental material in Turpan Area.The quality differences of Thompson seedless grapes and raisins with three different plant growth regulators treated were analyzed.Treatment A:80 mg·L^(-1) GA 3 before 7 days flowering,80 mg·L^(-1) GA 3+9 mg·L^(-1) GA 4+7+9 mg·L^(-1)6-BA at full flowering,and 150 mg·L^(-1) GA 3+9 mg·L^(-1) GA 4+7+9 mg·L^(-1)6-BA 10 days after flowering;Treatment B:80 mg·L^(-1) GA 3 before 7 days flowering,150 mg·L^(-1) GA 3 after 7 days flowering,and 100 mg·L^(-1) GA 3 after 14 days flowering;Treatment C:50 mg·L^(-1) GA 3 before 7 days flowering,and 100 mg·L^(-1) GA 3 after 7 days flowering.The results showed that,the cluster weight,berry weight,mean raisin single weight,table grape and raisin yield per 667 m 2 were significantly higher than those of treatment B and treatment C,and the color index of grape and raisin h°was the largest,cluster size density was moderate,berry size was uniform,VC content was the highest,crisp,and the color of raisins was dark green,green-yellow,cylindrical and full.Compared with treatment A and treatment B and,treatment C improved soluble solid,solid acid ratio,drying rate,reduced total acid content and the yield,and the color of table grapes and raisins were yellow,slight crisp or soft.Taken together,the Thompson seedless grape had the best quality and highest yield for grapes and raisins with treatment A in Turpan Area.