抑郁症负性情绪加工与认知控制神经模型研究进展

A brain network model for depression:negative affective processing and cognitive control

抑郁症患者负性认知偏向是导致抑郁的一个主要认知因素,是抑郁症的一个稳定特质。以往研究从情绪加工增强和认知控制不足等认知角度来解释抑郁症产生的原因。随着研究的深入,情绪加工过程进一步研究不同负性认知加工偏向(注意偏向、解释偏向和记忆偏向)在抑郁症的产生机制;认知控制过程则进一步探讨其子成分功能(更新、抑制和转换)在抑郁症的调控机制。尤其结合当前认知神经领域的脑网络层级分析趋势,文章通过抑郁症“双路径层级网络模型”解释抑郁的产生,即由于“热”—“中间调节”—“冷”三级脑网络群,通过自下而上的情绪加工和自上而下的认知控制两条路径,形成一个“闭环神经回路”,三者相互作用,共同介导抑郁产生。

Negative cognitive bias toward emotional stimuli is a main cognitive factor for depression,and also is a stable trait of depression.Previous studies showed enhanced negative affective processing and insufficient cognitive control can account for pathogenesis of depression,in terms of cognition.With the development of related researches,the mechanism of different negative cognitive biases(attention bias,processing bias and memory bias)in affective processing and the sub-component functions of cognitive control(updating,inhibiting and shifting)in depression were further studied.Especially in combination with the trend analysis of“neural network hierarchy”in the current cognitive neural field,we put forward a theoretical hypothesis of“dual-path hierarchical network model”for depression.That is,depression is caused by 3-level brain network of“heat”-“intermediate regulation”-“cold”,which forms a“closed-loop neural circuit”through the paths of bottom-up affective processing and top-down cognitive control,with the 3 brain networks interacting together and finally mediating to depression.