“微抵制”实践与主体性复归——米歇尔·德·塞托日常生活实践理论探析

“Micro-resistance”Practices and Subjectivity Restoration--An Exploration of Michel de Certeau's Theory of Everyday Practice

“微抵制”实践是米歇尔·德·塞托日常生活实践理论的重要内容,展现了权力机制下大众对强权的反抗,表征了大众的主体性觉醒以及对诗意生存情景的憧憬和追寻。“微抵制”实践借助“策略”与“战术”的矛盾关系而运行,大众采取“微抵制”战术,抗拒权力规制下的“策略”的束缚和限制,追寻瞬时自由和闲适生活,以此确证自我的生命意义和主体性存在,在某种意义上显露了人的解放意蕴。当然,“微抵制”实践不同于马克思的“革命实践”,“微抵制”实践着眼于微观层面的民众的小规模、小范围的反抗,马克思的“革命实践”着眼于宏观层面的社会变革,尤其是强调阶级斗争运动,因此“微抵制”实践有其积极意义但也存在着局限性和乌托邦情结。

The practice of"micro-resistance"is an important content of Michel de Certeau's theory of daily life practice,which demonstrates the people's resistance to power under the mechanism of power,and characterizes the awakening of the people's subjectivity as well as their longing for and pursuit of poetic survival scenarios.The practice of“micro-resistance”operates through the contradictory relationship between“strategies”and“tactics”,in which the public adopts the tactic of“micro-resistance”to resist the regulation of power.The public adopts the tactic of“micro-resistance”to resist the constraints and limitations of“strategies”under the regulation of power,and to pursue instant freedom and leisure life,in order to confirm the meaning of self-life and the existence of subjectivity,revealing the meaning of human liberation in a certain sense.Of course,the practice of“micro resistance”is different from Marx's“revolutionary practice”.“Micro-resistance”focuses on small-scale and small-scale resistance of the people at the micro level,while Marx's“revolutionary practice”focuses on macro level social change,especially emphasizing class struggle movements.Therefore,“micro-resistance”practice has its positive significance but also has limitations and utopian complex.