中国三大流域制造业绿色转型效率评价及影响因素研究

Evaluation of Efficiency of Manufacturing Industry Transformation and Influencing Factors in China’s Three Major River Basins

“双碳”目标下,制造业的绿色转型发展是实现碳达峰碳中和愿景的重要推动力。流域是生态文明建设的重要依托,基于长江、黄河、珠江三大流域21个省(市、区)2006~2020年的面板数据,利用非期望产出超效率SBM模型测算制造业绿色转型效率,从效率水平、动态变化、差异分析角度进行多层次比较,并利用Tobit模型分析制造业绿色转型的影响因素。研究表明:三大流域制造业绿色转型效率整体呈现波动上升趋势,流域间制造业绿色转型效率存在不均衡现象,其中长江流域、珠江流域制造业绿色转型效率水平明显高于黄河流域;城镇化水平、环境规制、外商投资等因素对流域制造业绿色转型效率有显著影响,人力资本因素尚未产生显著影响,并据此得出提升三大流域制造业绿色转型效率的相关对策建议。

Under the background of the“double carbon”goal,the green transformation of the manufacturing sector is a crucial factor to realize carbon peak and carbon neutrality goals.Since basins are essential support for the construction of ecological civilization,this paper measured the efficiency of green transformation of the manufacturing industry based on the panel data of 21 provinces(cities and districts)in the Yangtze River,Yellow River,and Pearl River basins from 2006 to 2020,using the undesirable super-efficiency SBM model.This paper made a multi-level comparison of the green transformation efficiency in the above three river basins from the perspective of efficiency level,dynamic change,and variance analysis.Furthermore,we analyzed the influencing factors of the green transformation of the manufacturing industry.This research demonstrated a fluctuating upward trend in the manufacturing industry’s green transformation efficiency.Additionally,the issue of uneven green manufacturing industry efficiency was detected between river basins,with the Yangtze and Pearl River basins having higher levels of green manufacturing efficiency than the Yellow River basin.Human capital variables were not found to have substantial impacts on the efficiency of the green transformation of industrial businesses,however,the level of urbanization,environmental restrictions,and foreign investment were identified to have significant impacts.Based on the above outcomes,countermeasures and suggestions were put forward to increase the manufacturing sectors’green transformation efficiency in the three river basins.