塑料升级转化制备低维碳纳米材料的方法及研究进展

Research progress in preparation of low-dimensional carbon nanomaterials derived from plastics

将塑料转化为具有优异性能的低维碳纳米材料,近年来已经发展成为一支重要的塑料升级转化路径并取得阶段性的研究进展.热解-化学气相沉积方法、等离子体增强化学气相沉积方法、和基于激光、焦耳加热及电弧法的热化学方法已被开发利用,将多种类型的塑料转化为石墨烯和碳纳米管材料.为更好地追踪本领域的研究进展,本文梳理了以上两类典型塑料衍生低维碳纳米材料的制备方法、装置构型、反应条件、材料转化机制、产物应用场景及性能,并对当前的机遇及未来的挑战进行了展望.

In recent years,the conversion of plastics into low-dimensional carbon nanomaterials with exceptional properties has emerged as a pivotal pathway for plastic upcycling,and it has made significant strides.A range of preparation methods,including pyrolysis-chemical vapor deposition,plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition,and thermochemical processes induced by laser,Joule heating,and arc discharge,have been developed and utilized to convert various types of plastics into graphene and carbon nanotubes.To better track the research progress,the preparation methods,reactor configurations,reaction conditions,material conversion mechanisms,product application scenarios and performance of the two typical plastic-derived low-dimensional carbon nanomaterials were summarized.Furthermore,we conclude with our perspective on the ongoing challenge and opportunities.