揭开数据确权的迷纱:关键议题与实践策略——兼评当前数据确权的理论争议焦点

Unveiling the Myths of Data Rights Confirmation——Key Issues and Practical Strategies by Commenting on the Current Theory Controversies

数据确权是数据治理制度体系的核心,当前理论研究精彩纷呈但共识略显不足,缺乏对概念和确权原则的基本阐明是其主要原因。在认识论上,并非所有数据都需要确权,构成确权对象的数据有其特定的条件要求,由此形成的狭义数据概念内涵清晰、外延明确,更加具有可操作性。在原则论上,效率在经济增长和伦理道德两个层面上具有不同的含义,要发挥效率价值的经济创造功能,但不能忽视正义价值的原则性地位,价值耦合是数据确权原则体系构建的目标追求。在实践论上,坚持“双优先、慎确权”的基本实践策略,即通过构建数据获取权、使用权等权利机制推动公平竞争,充分激发数字经济的创新潜能,同时又要始终坚持把消费者权利保护放在优先位置,为其构建立体化的权利保护体系,从而妥善平衡数字经济发展和消费者权利保护的双重目标;数据确权牵一发而动全身,加强研究提供更加充足的理论准备,积极而谨慎地推进我国数据确权的实践展开。

Data rights confirmation is the core of data governance system.The current theoretical research is wonderful,but the consensus is insuffi-cient.The main reason is the lack of basic clarification of concept and the principle of rights confirmation.In terms of epistemology,not all data need to confirm rights,and the data that constitutes the object of rights confirmation has its specific condition requirements,so the narrow concept of data formed by this means has clear connotation and clear extension,and is more operable.In terms of principles,efficiency has different meanings in eco-nomic growth and in ethical morality.The economic creation function of efficiency value should be brought into play,but the status of justice value should not be ignored.Value coupling is the goal for constructing the principle systems of data rights confirmation.In terms of practice,it adheres to the basic strategy of“double priority and careful rights confirmation”,that is,giving priority to the innovative development of digital economy and the protection of consumers’rights and interests,and prudently promotes the theoretical research and practice of data confirmation of rights.