牙周炎与慢性阻塞性肺疾病相关性研究进展

Research progress on the relationship between periodontitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

牙周炎是一种发病率很高的慢性牙周炎症性疾病,慢性阻塞性肺疾病(慢阻肺)被认为是慢性气道炎症性疾病。牙周炎与慢阻肺之间存在潜在关联,慢阻肺患者牙周状况相对较差,其口腔菌群的组成与健康人群存在一定的差异,其炎症“溢出”和低氧可能加重牙周病的发生和发展;与此同时,牙周炎患者罹患慢阻肺的风险更高,可能与牙周病原体和炎症因子的吸入有关,定期的牙周序列治疗在一定程度上可降低该病急性加重的风险。由于牙周炎和慢性阻塞性肺病都是以慢性炎症为特征的慢性进行性疾病,并伴有结缔组织的蛋白水解破坏,因此它们具有共同的病理生理过程,可能存在内在的联系。文章对慢性牙周炎与慢阻肺的相关性及可能的交互作用机制的最新研究进展进行综述,以期为进一步探讨两者相互影响的研究提供思路。

Periodontitis is a chronic periodontal disease with a high incidence,and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)is considered to be a chronic airway inflammatory disease.In recent years,many studies have observed that there is a potential relationship between periodontitis and COPD.The periodontal condition of patients with COPD is relatively poor,and the composition of their oral microbiome is different from that of healthy people.The inflammation“spillage”and hypoxia may induce the occurrence and development of periodontal disease.At the same time,the risk of COPD in periodontitis patients may be related to the inhalation of periodontal pathogens and inflammatory factors.Regular periodontal sequence therapy can reduce the risk of acute exacerbation of the disease to a certain extent.Since periodontitis and COPD are both chronic progressive diseases characterized by chronic inflammation and accompanied by proteolytic destruction of connective tissue,they may share a common pathophysiological process and may be intrinsically linked.This article reviews the latest research progress on the relationship between chronic periodontitis and COPD,and possible interaction mechanism,in order to provide insight for further study on the interaction between the two conditions.