“黄-解方法”低成本合成有机半导体明星构筑单元螺芴氧杂蒽

The“Huang-Xie Method”for the Low-cost Synthesis of Spiro[fluorene-9,9'-xanthene](SFX)as the Versatile Unit of Organic Semiconductors

螺芴氧杂蒽(SFX)是有机/高分子半导体材料的明星单元,在构筑发光、电荷传输与俘获材料领域应用广泛。早期SFX母体仅能通过邻卤二芳基法多步合成,2006年,黄维、解令海(黄-解)偶然发现了SFX的一锅法合成工艺,有效解决了非平面有机半导体构筑单元合成步骤复杂的问题,并进一步拓展制备了氮杂芴和含氮的螺环结构,最终形成了螺芴杂蒽类的“黄-解方法”。该方法有着步骤简单、产率高与成本低的优点,被MIT材料合成化学家高度评价和日本科学家以人名称谓,被多个领域的同行普遍采用,工业界凭借黄-解方法的高效性成功实现了SFX的量产。目前,SFX已经替代螺二芴(SBF)被学术界、工业界广泛应用,特别是韩国LG公司将其应用于有机发光二极管(OLED)显示技术。

Spiro[fluorene-9,9'-xanthene](SFX)is one of the versatile molecular building blocks of organic/polymer semiconductors,which is widely applied in the construction of luminescent,charge transport and trapping materials in organic optoelectronics.In the early stage,SFX without any substituent could only be synthesized by multi-step o-halobiaryl method.In 2006,Wei Huang and Ling-hai Xie(Huang-Xie)fortuitously discovered the one-pot synthesis of SFXs,which effectively solved the problem of multisteped synthesisof building blocks in organic non-plane semiconductor,and further expanded the scope of substrates of azafluorene and aromatic amine compounds,finally coined as the"Huang-Xie method"of SFXs.This method has the advantages of simple steps,high yield and low cost,which is highly highlighted by chemists in MIT and named by Japanese scientists,and extensively adopted by the peers for the design of steric semiconductors.The industry has successfully achieved the mass production of SFXs by virtue of the high efficiency of the Huang-Xie method.Up to date,SFX has been widely exploited in academia and industry by replacing 9,9'-spirobifluorene(SBF),especially in the organic light-emitting diode(OLED)display technology from LG Company in South Korea.