儿童第二原发肿瘤研究进展

Progress of subsequent malignant neoplasms after childhood cancer

儿童恶性肿瘤的治愈率逐年升高。儿童肿瘤幸存者的长期随访发现,部分患儿发生第二原发肿瘤,且再发生肿瘤的风险明显高于正常人群,常导致患儿预后不良。原发肿瘤的放疗、化疗等治疗方式和患者特殊基因学变异是导致第二原发肿瘤发生的危险因素。对于儿童肿瘤幸存者进行有针对性的长期随访监测和对特殊患者的重点检查,将有利于早期发现儿童第二原发肿瘤。该文将总结当前儿童恶性肿瘤发生第二原发肿瘤的研究进展,分析其临床特征,旨在引起临床医生的重视以早期干预治疗,改善患者的预后。

The cure rate of pediatric malignant tumor is increasing year by year.In the long-term follow-up of childhood cancer survivors,some patients have subsequent malignant neoplasms,and the risk of subsequent malignant neoplasms is significantly higher than that of normal population,resulting in poor prognosis.Treatment methods such as radiotherapy,chemotherapy of the primary tumor,and patient-specific genetic variants are risk factors for subsequent malignant neoplasms.Long-term follow-up and essential examinations for childhood cancer survivors will be beneficial to early detection of patients with subsequent malignant neoplasms.This article will summarize the research progress on the occurrence of subsequent malignant neoplasms after childhood cancer,analyze its clinical characteristics,and increase the awareness of clinicians about early detection and treatment for the improved prognosis of patients.