儿童慢性咳嗽的病因构成比变化趋势研究进展

Progress on the changing trend of etiological component ratio of chronic cough in children

慢性咳嗽是儿童时期呼吸系统疾病中常见症状之一,在患儿的生长发育、生活、学习等方面给患儿及家长造成了严重的影响。目前儿童慢性咳嗽的病因排列前3位的分别是咳嗽变异性哮喘(cough variant asthma,CVA)、上气道咳嗽综合征(upper airway cough syndrome,UACS)、感染后咳嗽(post-infectious cough,PIC),CVA居于首位。然而,近年来关于UACS占比高于CVA成为首位病因的文献报道相继出现,呈增多趋势。该文总结中国儿童慢性咳嗽病因构成比相关研究,并就其病因变化及原因作一浅析,帮助临床医生认识慢性咳嗽的病因变化趋势,及时作出正确的诊断并予以相应的治疗方案。

Chronic cough is one of the common symptoms of childhood respiratory diseases,which cause serious impact to children and parents in the growth and development of children,life,learning and other aspects.The top three causes of childhood chronic cough are cough variant asthma(CVA),upper airway cough syndrome(UACS),post-infectious cough(PIC).CVA is the most common.However,in recent years,the literature reports about the first cause of UACS higher than CVA gradually appear and show an increasing trend.This paper summarizes the literature related to the etiological composition of chronic cough in Chinese children,and analyzes the etiological changes and causes of chronic cough,so as to help clinicians recognize the etiological trends of chronic cough,and timely make correct diagnosis and corresponding treatment programs.