政治安全视野下的政治认知力研究

Politicians'Cognitive Ability in the Perspective of National Political Security

随着国家安全特别是政治安全的重要性日益凸显,国家能力研究需要超越中观的、功能性的“治术”层面,提升到宏观的、战略性的“治道”层面即研究政治能力,找回国家理论中具有能动性的政治家集团角色,还原国家能力的政治属性。根据比较政治发展研究,政治认知力作为前提性国家能力的“元能力”,作用于制度变迁的关键时刻,表现为政治家集团对政权(即领导权问题)、政治制度(即道路问题)、意识形态(即信仰问题)的认知、选择与规律性把握,从而根本性地影响了政治安全,这为解释国家兴衰存亡和政治变迁提供了新的分析概念。

As the importance of national security has been increasingly emphasized,studies on state capacity need to go beyond examining administrative middle-level capacities and focus more on strategic,macro-level capacities.It is crucial to reintegrate the role of political groups into state theory and reestablish the political nature of state capacity.This paper posits that the cognitive ability of politicians is a type of macro-level state capacity that impacts national security.According to comparative political development studies,politicians’cognitive ability can be considered a meta-competence of state capacity,demonstrating its significance during pivotal moments of institutional change.This is manifested in the understanding and utilization of regime or leadership issues,institutional issues,and ideological issues by the group of politicians,thereby profoundly influencing national security.This perspective also offers a fresh conceptual framework for analyzing the development and rise and fall of nations.