1932—1933年林鹏侠西行叙事中的性别意识

Gender Consciousness in Lin Pengxia's Narratives of the Westward Journey,1932-1933

20世纪30年代初,受日本侵略中国步伐加剧的影响,以不同背景、身份、目的、经费支持,前往西北考察的个人或团体不绝于途。因这些考察者以男性为主,他们的西行叙事,不免以男性意识为主。1932年11月,作为女性的林鹏侠,独自进行了一场时逾半年的西北之行。西行之中,林鹏侠的自我性别认知,既有女性的特征,也体现出男性意识的一面,经常出现性别错位。借助、得益于女性身份,林鹏侠与西北精英女性开展广泛的交往,且在其西行叙事中,颇为关注西北女性的生存状况,并探索解决西北妇女问题的办法。林鹏侠对女性问题的思考,因站在国家、民族的高度,故易注意到西北女性、传统历史文化中女性的优点和内地女性的不足。林鹏侠的西北之行,引起当时社会的赞美和批评,意味着当时社会对女性的认知和期待,仍纠结于从传统向现代的转变之中,并与民族危机密切相关。

In the early 1930s,affected by Manchurian Incident(1931)and January 28 incident(1932),Northwest China strongly attracted attention of Chinese people.In this context,as a female,Lin Pengxia,made a journey to the northwest alone in November 1932 for more than half a year.During this journey,Lin Pengxia's self gender cognition had both female and masculine characteristics,and was misplaced sometimes.Because of her female identity,she had carried out extensive contacts with elite women,paid much attention to the living conditions of northwest women,and sought ways to solve the problems of women there.Lin Pengxia's thoughts on women's,were effortless to notice the merits of northwest women,traditional history and culture and the shortcomings of inland women because of standing at the height of nationalism.Lin Pengxia's journey to northwest naturally got many praises and criticisms,which meant that the society's women cognition was still divergent and complicated at that time.